Upgrading Industrial Clusters

As a result of the new technological revolution,around the world the production modes of many industries have been or are being from high-volume,standardized to more flexible,personalized and small-batch,which lead to the emerging of small and medium-sized specialized Enterprises.Industry clusters arose through close mutual co-operation or market transaction networks between a large number of specialized enterprises and relevant institutions in the same industry or related industries,which has gradually become a world economic phenomenon.Since reform and opening up, many areas of the southeast coast of China have made great economic advantages depending on the clustering effect of industrial clusters,such as professional town in Guangdong,specialized industrial park and "massive economy" in Zhejiang,and so on.The rapid development of industrial clusters has promoted the upgrading of China's industrial structure and the rapid development of regional economy,improved the level of employment,and enhanced our national competitiveness.However,the majority of industrial clusters in China still mainly rely on low-cost advantage to participate in market competition,with products with low technological content,imitation more than innovation,and similar products.The products are located in the very low value,can only get lower value-added,and there exists "pursuing end" and "locking" phenomenon.In the short term,this will make enterprises of clusters fall into a vicious price competition and suffer trade sanctions frequently in the international trade;in the long term,this will make enterprises of clusters face competition and threat from enterprises of regions with more price advantage,and be replaced easily.Therefore,in the context of fierce international competition,the cluster development is like riding a boat,forward or backward,and only the timely upgrade can industrial clusters maintain and gain new competitive advantages.Therefore,the article selects the upgrade of China's industrial cluster as a study.Introduction:to introduce the theory and practice background,and briefly review and sort the research both at home and abroad on the upgrading of industrial cluster.Chapter 1:to study industry clusters theoretically.Introduce the relevant basic theories,including the meaning and nature,characteristics and type,and formation mechanism and competitive advantage,and so on. Chapter 2:to generally analyze the upgrading of industry cluster,and make the core concept of the entire paper clear.First of all,define the meaning of the upgrading of industrial clusters,point the differences between the upgrading of industrial clusters and industrial upgrading,and the upgrading of industrial clusters should include technical innovation,internal organizational structure,leading industries and export-oriented industries.Then analyze the upgrading modes and influencing factors. Lastly,preliminary design the evaluation system of the upgrading to provide a framework for the further quantitative of upgrading.Chapter 3:to examine the development of industrial clusters in China.Firstly, briefly introduce the development of industrial clusters in China,summarize the main characteristics and important role,then calculate and analyze the data of manufacturing industry to confirm the conclusion I have made on the features of the development of industrial clusters.Then point out the existence of paradox,namely "strong competitive advantage with the low value-added co-exist",and analyze the reasons deeply.Finally point out that the future of sustainable development of industrial clusters in China lies in the timely upgrading which is important and urgent.Chapter 4 to Chapter 7:to research how to promote the upgrading of China's industrial clusters.Chapter 4 mainly explain that innovation is the driving force of the upgrading.Analyze the main characteristics of cluster innovation based on the introduction of the meaning of innovation,and demonstrate the relationship between cluster innovation and cluster upgrading,namely cluster innovation is the original driving force of cluster upgrading.Put forward to measures to enhance abilities of cluster innovation based on the lacing of cluster innovation,including building a regional innovation system to promote cluster innovation,making enterprises locate reasonable to enhance innovational performance,strengthen the technological learning and promote products of innovation diffuse.Chapter 5 and chapter 6 analyze the internal and external channels of cluster upgrading.Chapter 5 mainly analyze how to upgrade China's industrial clusters from the perspective of internal governance of the cluster.Research the motivation and necessary of upgrading,introduce the cluster management structure and governance mechanisms,explore relevant problems existing in the current division of network of China's industrial cluster,social relations networks,trade networks,as well as some measures to realize the cluster upgrading.Chapter 6 analyze the external channels of promoting cluster upgrading from the perspective of making clusters embed in the global value chain.Firstly,introduce the governance modes and dynamic mechanisms of the global value chain,followed by an analysis of the inherent relationship between the fragmentation and geographic concentration of global value chain,the next explain the spatial grade characteristics,and believe that this characteristic can explain many unreasonable economic development in China,and point out that the future of China's industrial cluster development is to go up high value-added segments from low-end.In this chapter,put forward four strategies on the upgrading of China's industrial clusters in global value chains:industry transfer strategy,product differentiation strategy,the cluster brand strategy and technological innovation-led strategy.Chapter 7:mainly analyze how to implement cluster policies to promote the upgrade of China's industrial clusters.First introduce the meaning of cluster policies,, analyze difference and relation between the cluster policies and traditional industry policies,the necessary and effectiveness of the industrial cluster policy,the relationship between cluster policies and cluster upgrading,and the industry Cluster policy in the European Union and Japan.Then review the implementation of China's industrial cluster policy,and compare it with international experiences.Next point out the policy options:to develop producer services to promote clusters upgrading,to rectify market order to create a good competitive environment for cluster development,to develop the eco-cluster and cycle economic cluster,to promote the cross-regional integration industrial cluster,establish cooperation with international organizations to promote the upgrade of our cluster.