Research On Contextual Origin In The Sinicization Of Marxism

This article introduces the concept of context which is commonly used inpragmatics into the origin research of the sinicization of Marxism and uses theconcept in two aspects.Broadly speaking,it refers to the spread of Marxism inChina and the total inner and outer invironments,while from the restricted pointof view,it refers to the context of Marxism(or utterance system)."the origincontext of the sinicization of Marxism"is not mainly in pragmatics sense,but alsorefers to the factors which influenced the spread and sinicization of Maexism inChina from the late 19th century to the end of the 1930's,including theenvironment of politics and economy,ideology and culture,the history and socialenvironment,the international environment as well as the times background.The spread and sinicization of Marxism in China are the unity of internaland external context.In respect to the society of China,Marxism is engendered ina certain context,requiring to enter in the external context of China's society.Itsseries of basic principles require the spread and sinicization of Marxism inChina,duing to their subject attribute,the inherent requirements,the theoreticalquality and functional requirements;with respect to the context of Marxism,thesociety of China has to accept the inner context of Marxism which includes thepolitical and economic environment of China's society,the revolutionaryenvironment,the ideology and culture,the national psychology and the theme oftimes,which ensures that the spread and sinicization of Marxism in China.The early introduction of Marxism to China was mainly from Japan,Europe(France),the Soviet Union and the United States.The socialists from the fourcountries had interpreted Marxism in accordance with the particular context,which formed the"doctrinal Marxism"of the Japanese Context,the"actionMarxism"of the European Context,the"revolutionary Marxism"of the SovietUnion Context and the"utopian and Christian"socialism of the U.S.Context.These Marxism which have some differences in context and differ from theoriginal Marxism,had been spread to China through various ways and had acertain impact on the later Marxism in China.Selective spread in the history of spreading Marxism in China represents ageneral phenomenon.The Chinese people made acquaintance of the socialism inthe context of eastward spread of western culture through the diary of diplomaticpersonnel that the Qing government sent abroad as well as other ways such as thenewspaper of that time.The bourgeois reformists which were represented byLiang Chi-chao in the context of reform,had interpreted something such as thebasis for the establishment of socialism,the design of an ideal society and thespecific ways.In order to find the basis for the Three People's Principles,thebourgeois revolutionaries which were represented by Sun Yat-sen had optionallyspread the Marxist scientific socialism,the theory of class struggle,historicalmaterialism as well as political economy in the context of the bourgeois revolution.On the so-called cognitive basis of"the communism and anarchism share thesame quintessence",the anarchists had interpreted the socialism with anarchism.To find the ultimate solution to the China issue,the early intellectuals who hadpreliminary communist ideology had selectively spread the Marxist historicalmaterialism,the scientific socialism,the economics,the dialectical materialism aswell as the theory of class and state in the context of proletarian revolution.Theselective spread made a certain part of the Marxist theory prioritized spread, which caused the sinicization of Marxism asynchronously.The subjectivity of thepropagators' choices resulted in the deviation of the concrete practice in thesinicization of Marxism.The"hierarchical inculcation"of Marxism caused thesinicization of Marxism alternated in time.And the diversification of the textsources about Marxism made the sinicization of Marxism in multicontexts coexistin space.The traditional Chinese interpretation about Marxism branded thesinicization of Marxism with the traditional characteristics of China.The entry of Marxism to the context of China is an extremely complexprocess of confrontation of ideas which goes with three conversations.The firstone was the conversation between traditional Chinese cultures and Marxism,which went along a logical way that was sure of the advancement of the"WesternMerchandise","Western System","Western Learning","Marxism",andMarxism was recognized and accepted by the Chinese people.The second one wasthe conversation between Marxism and various non-Marxism.The three majordebates on the problem and doctrine,Marxism and the social reformism,Marxism and anarchism had had a certain impact on the sinicization of Marxism.And the third conversation was between Marxism and the social thoughts inChina.The conversations with the social thoughts which had a large impact inChina such as the doctrine of work-study mutual aid,the New Three People'sPrinciples and liberalism had brought some enlightenments to the sinicization ofMarxism.Marxism entered into the context of China through the ideologicalconfrontation and formed the"fusion of horizons"between the text view ofMarxism and the vision of the Marxists,which makes some important Marxistcategories,such as the capitalism and socialism,the productive forces andrelations of production,the economic base and superstructure,the proletariat andthe bourgeoisie,the class,the class struggle,the state,the revolution,the masses ofthe people,the theory,the ideology,find the semantic conversions in Chinesewords,and then put forward some main problems of China's revolution,forinstance,the ideological line of China's revolution,the society of China and thenature of the revolution,the revolutionary road,the revolutionary allies and themilitary routes.Around 1938,with the comprehensive effects of the revolution environmentin China,the social and political environment,the ideological and culturalenvironment,and the international environment of the day,the new context wasaddressed by the statments of the inicization of Marxism.Under the atmosphereof the new context,Mao-Zedong put forward the statements of the sinicization ofMarxism and explained to the whole party the contents and aims,the necessityand possibility,as well as the methods and theoretical way,which had formed thetheory of the sinicization of Marxism.There were two inequalities during the process of the combination ofMarxism and the realities of China,that is,Marxism should be combined with therealities of China≠Marxism can be combined with the realities of China and thecombination of Marxism and the realities of China≠the achievement of thesinicization of Marxism.The context is an important influencing factor to solvethe two inequalities and achieve the equalities.