Prevalence Of Traffic Accident, Disease Burden And The Personality Proness Of Drivers In Hongkou District Of Shanghai

Prevalence of Traffic Accident, Disease Burden and the Personality Proness of Drivers in Hongkou District of ShanghaiObjectiveComprehensive and systemic researching on road traffic accident, injury occur rate,degree of harm,character of prevalence(including person,vehicle,road"three factor",time,place,crowd"three space distributing"),the reason make for road traffic accident and injury, thereout losing health life year and economic burden of disease, along with difference of personality of the drivers who occur more accident and who occur less accident. Open out the rule that traffic accidents occurring and developing, find out the social pathogeny of traccic accident of HongKou district. Put forward the corresponding prevention measure of three levels to high risk crowd, high risk environment, high risk period of time from the science of public health, to provide gist for corresponding department making policy.Method1,Using systemic and random method to sample and analyze the data of traffic accident take place by the year of 2005-2008.2,Using random sample and retrospective analysis to sample 1200 drivers who checked and accepted the vehicle at vehicle management department in HongKou district from June to August,2011, the content of investigation questionnaire included two parts, basic information of drivers and personality proneness test (Eysenk Personality Test). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted.3,Researching on disease burden which using the data related to death of traffic accident collected by the center for disease control in HongKou district from 2004 to 2009.Result1,There were about 37929 traffic accidents happened in Hongkou district of Shanghai from 2005 to 2008, the population incident rate of traffic accident was 1203.05/100000. During the period of 2005 to 2007, the traffic accident, injure, traffic accidents population rate, population of injury incidence rate, vehicles accidents, wound rate induced by vehicle accidents had the trend of significant increase, but in 2008, various data declined slightly. The mortality rate of 10 thousand vehicles and mortality rate kept going down during 4 years. There were most traffic accidents in the third quarter of the year, especially in September. There were least traffic accidents in February. There were least in the 31 st, and most in 11 st. The accident happened on Thursday averaged highest proportion, the frequency time paragraph were 8 am to 10 am, followed by 5 pm to 6pm. The traffic incident at the crossing had the highest proportion, followed the incident on the road. The traffic incident happened in the sunny day had the highest proportion, followed the incident happened in rainy day. Among accident-drivers, male were 89.00%, female were 11.00%. And 40 to 49 years old group and 50-59 years old group were in a large proportion. The minimum age of accident-driver was 1 years old; the oldest were 103 years old. The majority of vehicles in traffic accidents were minibus, the others were moped, bicycles and pedestrians. Based on the identification,6.13 percentages of the injured in the accidents got disability level. Among them, more than 334 people got level 8 and 8 people got level 7 and the below. Most of the injured went to the comprehensive hospital, and only 0.24% went to the community hospital. The majority of the accident types were collision between two motor vehicles, the others were single vehicle accident, collision between motor vehicles and moped, collision between several vehicles and collision between motor vehicles and bicycles. The major cause of the vehicle collision was violates the right-of-way rules, fail to keep the safety space between vehicles, change lanes and careless operation.0.32% of the accident was due to drunk-driving,1.99% was due to operation of open car doors,1.73% caused by running a red light. There was 2.69% traffic accident with escaping. Direct economic losses causing by traffic accidents were of about 210.86 million RMB, with the total cost of medical treatment for about 7.59 million RMB, total cost, the loss that is about 78.08 million RMB, make compensations total about 17.8 million RMB and dead compensation at about 44.82 million RMB.2,The traffic accident mortality of Hongkou district showed a rising trend along with the growth of the age. The highest mortality rates for 80 years old group, and the highest absolute number of death in 50 years old group,40 years old group for the second.75.35% of the traffic accident death happened in 45 years old and above, and the man was far higher than women. The mortality of motorcycle driver was much higher than the motor vehicle driver, other motor vehicle driver, and even the mortality of pedestrians. However, the mortality of pedestrians increased gradually, the rate in 2009 was to reach 2.64 times that of 2004. The standardized traffic accident mortality, traffic accidents mortality, and traffic accidents mortality of 10 thousand vehicles were similarly increased from the year of 2004. In 2006, rose to the top after that fall gradually. During the period of 2004-2009, the mortality caused by traffic accident reached the top in October, and the number in April and June was least in Hongkou district. The weekly death of traffic accident was more on Monday, Tuesday and Friday, at least on Wednesday. During the period of 2004-2009, the traffic accident dead place of residents in Hongkou district was most in hospital (including emergency room and hospital ward), accounted for 61.46%. And the secondary was dead on the spot, accounted for 17.36%. And the other 8.68% were dead when the rescue crews arrived. Each year, the traffic accident potential years of life lost, the standard potential years of life lost, rate of life lost and standard rate of life lost for the male at each age group in male were higher than thos of female. The ratio of male vs. female was 2.35:1 on the traffic accident mortality in the six years, and the ratio was 3.17:1 on the life lost in traffic accident. The highest life lost years of female and male was the of 40 years old group, the following was the 20 years old group, and 50 years old group of male was tied with the fore second place. The highest standard life lost years of female and male was the of 20 years old group, the following was the 30 years old group. The most serious accident type which caused life reduces was car collision accident which was caused by the deaths. In the six years, the traffic accident cost 5277.13 DALYs which contained 17.37% caused by injured and disability. The traffic accident loss in the life of death (YLLs) to 45-59 years old group was the highest and the second highest were 15 to 29 and 30 to 44 years old group. The male's life lost caused by traffic accident was 2.78 times that of women.3,The research was based on the survey of 1200 drivers. Most of the drivers recognized the risk of using cell phone on their driving, but based on their actual behavior,81.50% drivers used cell phones during driving, even 5.50% of them always used phones. The drivers who believed the risk of using cell phone were more likely to suffer the accidents and multi-car collision, the other who ignore the risk of using cell phone were prone to breaking the traffic rules. Most of the drivers realized that driving after low level of alcohol was very insecurity,4.08% of the drivers ignore the risk.17.75% of the drivers confessed the experience for drunken driving. In the survey of single traffic accident and multi-car collision, there were no significant difference between the alcohol-driver and other drivers. The drivers with the experience of drunk driving were more likely to breaking the traffic rules.56.00% of the driver thought it was not safe without fasten the seat belt during driving. However, only 1/3 drivers always fastened the seat belt during the driving. There were no significant differences in the usage of seat belt, happened the single accident and multi-accidents, and breaking traffic rule.80.25% of the drivers agreed that fatigue driving was insecurity, still 58.83% of the drivers had the experience of fatigue driving, and 2.14% of drivers were always in the state of fatigue driving. The drivers who always in the state of fatigue driving were more likely to suffer the accidents and break rules, the other who often in the state of fatigue driving were more likely to suffer the multi-car accidents.54.83% of the driver thought that exceeding the speed limit was not safe, still 57.70% of them had the experience of exceeding the speed limit. The drivers with less experience of exceeding were more likely to suffer the traffic accident, the drivers who usually exceeded the speed limit were more likely to suffer the multi-accidents and breaking rules.54.50% of the drivers smoked during driving,8.26% of them always smoked in the driving. The drivers who occasionally smoked in their driving were more likely to suffer the accident, the drivers who sometimes smoked in driving were likely to suffer multi-car accidents. The drivers who often smoked were more likely breaking rules.59.92% of the drivers admitted the experience of illegal behavior which handled by police up to now. The type of illegal behavior of 31.02% of the drivers was parking, the others were exceeding the speed limits, borrow lanes and run through the red light. Compared with the national model, the EPQ score of the subject in the survey revealed that the drivers were outgoing, steadily, careless about people, reliable. N latitude score of female was more than male. It revealed that women's attitude was not as stable as men's. The drivers without experience of accident were more outgoing compared with the drivers who suffered the accidents. The drivers who had suffering more than 3 accidents were more introversive, careless about people and aggressive compared with the drivers who had suffered fewer accidents. The driver who had the record of breaking rules were more unsteadily, careless about people and aggressive, but more honest compared with the drivers who without the record of breaking rules. The result of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the driver with factors such as type A blood, divorced or widowed, behavior of driving against traffic regulation, long drive age, average daily sleep less time, low scored driving behavior and low E dimensionality score were more likely suffered to the traffic accidents. Drivers with type A blood, behavior of driving against traffic regulation, good income, old age, long-time drive daily, low driving score, and E low scored are more likely to happen multi-car accident. Truck drivers or van drivers with type A blood, long-time driving daily, low driving score, low L latitude score were more likely to against traffic regulation.ConclusionThe level of death of traffic accident was more serious compared with shanghai in general. Although there were some achievements in the aspect of prevention traffic accident, heavy responsibilities to prevent traffic accident were still needed, and the death of traffic accident could be controlled through corresponding measure. We should aim at different crowd as well as aim at important period of age when we prevent traffic accident, every social department should actively hold the responsibility to prevent traffic accident and injury, adopting the corresponding measure together, to prevent traffic accident effectively. In addition, the probably impact factor of the drivers who occur the traffic accident, who occur more traffic accident and who disobey the traffic rule could have little relationship with the score of dimensionality of Eysenk Personality Test, maybe some of them had accident proneness only in a short time. However, others maybe had accident proneness in a long period of time, such as several years or most period of life. And the reason why people have accident proneness was different, even the same person, the accident proneness he had was different when he stay in different environment.