Forest Ecological Value Accounting And Ecological Compensation Study

Forest resources have the unique charm of the intrinsic value,with soil conservation,water conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, purifying atmosphere, biodiversity conservation and forest recreation and other many kinds of ecological service function,its own constitute a complete cycle of ecological system.As a kind of public goods,forest resources have positive externalities, which play an important role in the relationship between the continuity of the biological community and the control of global climate change.With the development of the economy and the rapid increase of population and the human destruction of nature,various natural disasters occur,make people realize the importance of protecting forest ecological environment and forest ecological compensation.Forest ecological compensation mechanism is the use of economic instruments to protect the forest ecological environment of the important measures, is to protect the ecological environment and promote harmony between man and nature as the goal,according to the ecosystem service value,ecological protection cost,the opportunity cost of the development,the integrated use of administrative and market in,from the source to regulate the relationship between the various interest groups,reasonable distribution of the benefits of forest resources, establish and improve the coverage of stakeholders ecological and environmental protection,incentive and restraint mechanisms,guide people to the rational use and protection of forest ecological environment, maintaining the sustainability of forest ecosystem function, the coordinated development of forest economic,ecological and social benefits.Based on forest value, forest ecological compensation, by the labor value theory,externality economy theory, public goods theory, the theory of ecological forestry and sustainable development theory as the theoretical basis,from the two aspects of theory and practice of domestic and international forest ecological compensation were studied.Accordi ng to the field research and data at hand,the status of Mudanjiang city forest ecological compensation are analyzed,found the problems existed in Mudanjiang city forest ecological compensation,the problems of forest ecological compensation in Mudanjiang ar e found,including the lag of legal system of forest ecological compensation,the single compensation subject,the low compensation standard, the implementation of power and responsibility is not in place,the lack of market mechanism and so on. By using the AHP method,the factors of forest ecological compensation analysis, the model of forest ecological compensation influence factors in Mudanjiang City, calculate the evaluation factors have influence on forest ecological compensation. In the study found in forest ecological compensation of the major influencing factors, ecological factors and natural resources factor occupies a larger proportion, specifically speaking,the influencing factors of forest ecological compensation larger have: forest ecological niches,biodiversity,forest stock volume,the forest of origin,regional economic development level,and the income of the residents in forest areas,forest management and protection costs,cost of afforestation,law system,policy,residents’ income and outdoor exercise time etc..Therefore,in the Mudanjiang city forest ecological compensation standards to be formulated, to fully take into account the differences between the above factors,to achieve specific analysis of specific issues. This paper uses the opportunity cost method,replacement cost method,market price method and contingent valuation method of Mudanjiang city forest ecological value accounting,and the forest ecological value of water conservation,carbon fixation and oxygen release,air purification,soil conservation and forest recreation value,finally come to the specific values,and lay the foundation for formulation of Mudanjiang city forest ecological compensation standard.This paper attempted to analyze the forest ecological compensation standard in Mudanjiang City, comprehensively utilized of economic value compensation on the basis of the view and ecological benefit compensation on the basis of the view,reasonably determined the standard of forest ecological compensation in Mudanjiang city. Moreover,the Mudanjiang city forest ecological compensation were analyzed,including:Basis of forest ecological compensation(Basis of policy, law and compensation method);principles of forest ecological compensation(Principle of compensation subject and object determination,Principle of compensation implement);Analysis of forest ecological compensation subject and object, analysis of forest ecological compensation means. Internationally,there are many countries and regions to explore the forest ecological compensation, the various forms of economic incentive mechanism have emerged, effective compensation for forest ecological system service, to achieve economic and environmental "win-win" results. This paper summarizes the experience and enlightenment of domestic and overseas,hoping to enlighten the development of forest ecological compensation system. Finally, aiming at the existing problems of forest ecological compensation as well as domestic and int ernational forest ecological compensation experience,puts forward the Mudanjiang city perfect forest ecological compensation countermeasures and suggestions: to strengthen the construction of compensation system; to establish a diversified compensation method; to determine the reasonable compensation standard; to broaden the channels of compensation funds;stakeholders involved in the construction of ecological compensation.Through the systemic study of Mudanjiang forest ecological compensation,this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to protection the forest ecological compensation,its significance is not only to provided reference for the future construction of the ecological environment in Mudanjiang City, but also for the implementation of different regions to formulate and improve the forest ecological compensation system to provided ideas,to achieve sustainable development of economy,society and environment.