The Theory And Practice Of 3D Printing Technology

After more than thirty years of development, 3D printing technology is changing people’s producing patterns. It has been gradually applied to manufacture, aerospace, biomedicine, electronic robot, construction and other industries. 3D printing technology has been regarded as the key technology in Germany’s Technology 4.0 project. So far, the U.S. government has established the National Additive Manufacturing Innovation Institute(NAMII), which is the first national manufacturing innovation center and is able to serve the 3D printing technology well and thus recovery the nation’s manufacture industry. Before NPC&CPPCC(Nation People’s Congress and Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference), Chinese government has published the National Additive Manufacture Industry Promotion Plan(2015-2016), in which short term development goals and several corresponding measures has been set. The document focuses on a methodical development of 3D printing technology, an increasing pace of industrial structural adjustment, a promotion of the whole manufacture industry. besides, the combination of advanced manufacturing technology as 3D printing technology and information and internet technology can put the “Internet Plus” plan forward, which is proposed by Prime Minister Li Keqiang. Thus, 3D printing technology has been a hot topic. This article is going to study the technology in multi dimensions. And some related viewpoints will be put forward as well.The first part of the paper begins with the history of the print technology and summarizes the features of its development, namely, from the virtual to the entity, from simpleness to complexity and from non‐machine to mechanization. Then it discusses the application fields and developing trends of 3D printing, reveals 3D printing’s operating principle, which is Information(the Wold 3) + Materials(the World 2) = Products(the World 2), by the study of its technology and characteristics and emphasizes the world’s necessity of developing 3D printing technology by illustrating different countries’ related national strategies.The second part mainly develops based on the philosophy of science and technology. According to K.R,Popper’s Three World’s Theory and the modified version made by Dr, Wang Kedi, 3D printing’s operation process shows the interaction between the World 3 and the World 1. During this simple process, the new World 3 and World 1 will be created and various personalized products will be produced, which can greatly enlarge the contents of the World 3 and the World 1. Besides, 3D printing’s “Information + Materials = Products” working principle can tremendously motivate people’s initiative and creativity and is more human‐oriented. Concerning on the conflict between the 3D printing technology and traditional moral principles, which is caused by science’s inherent risk, this part also proposes the countermeasures.The third part of the article meanly analyzes that 3D printing technique will promote the development of productivity and change some factors of relation of production to arise a revolution of the mode of production in a perspective of Political Economics. 3D printing technique will promote the mode of production of distributed and personalized customization, and it is expected to solve the problems of heterogeneity between production and consumption which is caused by the existing mode of production.The forth part will be mainly discussing the subject that 3D printing technology influences a lot of fields of the society by changing the original producing pattern. Several examples of some representative industries will be given to discuss specifically how it influences the economic, politics, military affairs, environment, culture and other aspects of human society greatly.The third part of the article meanly discusses the potential social risks caused by 3D printing technique from the point of view of the protection of intellectual property rights and the production of contraband goods. The social risks of protection of intellectual property rights and production of contraband goods are listed concretely, as well as the unknown risks to human which may be caused by the application of basic science research. Moreover, corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are also proposed.At the end of this paper, through analyzing the experience of industrial revolution, it is discovered that every nation which mastered the strategic core technology could achieve leapfrog development and technological catching – up or even transcendence in every industrial revolution. And American sustainable development strategy and German "Industry 4" national strategy are analyzed concretely. Through drawing on the strategy of becoming a powerful country of Europe and the United States, the ways to achieve our own great‐leap‐forward development are proposed. Moreover, according to the status of China’s manufacturing industry, drawing lessons from developed countries’ strategic planning of developing 3D printing technique, it provides the policy suggestion for the development of the technique in China.