| Vascular malformations are a series of vascular developmental abnormalities. The disorder of vascular development in embryonic period may be the etiological factor. Sclerotherapy or combination of sclerotherapy and lesion resection for vascular malformations usually gain satisfactory effects. The previous research work on mechanism of sclerotherapy was limited to the fibrosis effects of the drug and the alteration of endothelial cells. The pericytes , another important component of microvascular system, in the etiology of vascular malformations and its reaction to sclerosis therapy is still not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the alteration of vascular configuration, ratio of pericyte/endothelial cell, capillary vessel diameter and expression of PDGF- β in normal tissue, untreated vascular malformations and lesions treated in different time after Pingyangmycin sclerotherapy by immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The relationship of them was also been investigated. The present study includes following two parts:Part I The effects of Pingangmycin sclerotherapy on cell number and vascular configuration in vascular malformationsPurpose: To examine the alteration of vascular configuration, pericyte/endothelialcell ratio and capillary vessel diameter. To investigate the role of pericytes in vascular malformations etiology and the influence of Pingyangmycin to perictyes and vascular configuration.Materials and Methods: Double immunofluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to detecte the pericyte/endothelial cell ratio and capillary vessel diameter in the specimens from normal soft tissue(A group, n=8), untreated vascular malformations(B group, n=10), vascular malformations 1 week(C group, n=8), 1 month (D group, n=15)and 3 months after sclerotherapy(E group, n=9).Results: The number of endothelial cell in C, D, E group significantly decreased while compared to A and B group. The number of pericytes was 3.05 ± 0.98(A group), 1.40±1.17(B group), 5.62±2.35(C group), 14.80±3.34(D group) and 8.33±1.58. The pericytes number in B group significantly decreased in B group. The pericyte/endothelial cell ratio was l:3.30(A group), l:17.60(B group), 1.70:l(C group), 7.76:1(D group) and 9.51:1(E group). The pericyte/endothelial cell ratio of B group was much lower and increased significantly after Pingyangmycin sclerotherapy. The capillary vessel diameter significantly increased from 7.21 ± 0.56 u m in A group to 18.32 ± 1.96 u m in B group and decreased to 2.23 ± 0.27 U m in C group, and correlated with the perictes number.Conclusion: The pericyte/endothelial cell ratio and pericytes number in vascular malformations are decreased and correlated positively with abnormal capillary vessel dilation. The pericytes number and pericyte/endothelial cell ratio increased after Pingangmyin sclerotherapy of vascular malformations.Part II The relationship of PDGF- & , pericyte number andphenotype in vascular malformation after sclerotherapyPurpose: To investigate the relationship between PDGF- P, pericytes number and a-SMAMaterials and Methods: Immunofluorescence technique was used to detect the expression of PDGF- P , pericyte number and expression of a-SMA in the specimens from normal soft tissue(A group, n=8), untreated vascular malformations(B group,n=10), vascular malformations 1 week (C group, n=8), 1 month(D group, n=15)and 3 months after sclerosis therapy(E group, n=9). The relationship between them was analyzed.Results: PDGF- P was negative expression in B group. PDGF- P expression in A group and C group was located in the cell membrane and cytoplasm of endothelial cells. PDGF- P expression in D group was located in the cell membrane and cytoplasm of endothelial cells and fibrous tissues. PDGF- P expression in E group was located in fibrous tissues. The immunoreactivity was 1.08+0.35, 0, 3.55+0.80, 5.18 + 1.35, 5.33+2.58 in the five groups respectively. The PDGF-P expression was lower in B group. PDGF- P expression was correlatd with pericyte number in A, C and D group. The a-SMA positive ratio was 84.75 + 19.53%, 31.44+42.85%, 81.88 + 15.31%, 90.40+10.25%, 81.33+12.73% and immunoreactivity was 2.75+0.89, 1.21 + 0.62, 4.19+1.96, 4.60+0.79, 4.82 + 1.27 in five groups respectively. The positive ratio and immunoreactivity in B group was much lower than the other groups. PDGF- P was correlated positively with a-SMA positive ratio and immunoreactivity.Conclusion: Pingyangmycin may influence the pericyte number and contractile phenotype through the PDGF- P pathway. |
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