Urban Forest And Its Ecological Restoration

Forest in Mountain Daluo of Wenzhou covers about 114 square kilometers, has an old history, and is a typical urban forest. Basing on the urban master plan of Wenzhou from 2003 to 2020, the goal of Mountain Daluo is the "green heart" of the town, and the new metropolis will develop circumfusing Mountain Daluo.Frequent human activities resulted in the substitution from natural vegetation to artificial vegetation and economic fruit trees. If according to the visible trend of forest degradation during the last 20 years, Mountain Daluo will never be the "green heart", and couldn't improve the environment of Wenzhou city. Researches on conservation and restoration are necessary and exigent to forest in Mountain Daluo.Forest in Mountain Daluo was the study field of the thesis; Study methods included data-collecting, field investigation, and inside analysis; Analysis of the status in quo of vascular plants and vegetation, ecosystem services and their valuation, and study on restoration were the three contents of the thesis.Detailed contents and results are as follows:(1) 163 families, 578 genera, and 1021 vascular plants species were identified in Mountain Daluo. There are 25 families, 32 genera, and 45 Pteridohyta species, and Spermatophyta is 138 families 546 genera 976 species.(2) From the statistics of families of seed plants, representative families of subtropical typical evergreen broad-leaved forest are correspondingly less. From the statistics of genera, a great number of genera have 1 species or a few species. Seed plants genera have 15 areal-types, and tropic-areal types appreciably exceed temperate-areal types. Pantropic, North Temperate, East Asia, and Trop. Asia (Indo-Malaysia) are the four more main areal-types.(3) The biodiversity of Pteridohyta species in Mountain Daluo is lower. From the statistics of families, most families have lesser genera and species. From the statistics of areal-types, Cosmopolitan and Pantropic are the two primary areal-types of families; the main areal-types of genera is tropic-areal types; East Asia(especially China-Japan element) is the primary areal-types ofspecies.(4) From the statistics of life forms, there are 153 trees, 207 shrubs, 50 vines, and 566 herbs. Herbaceous plants exceed woody plants in Mountain Daluo, especially, the species of trees are seldom, and there are only 25 species wild evergreen trees.(5) Current vegetation of this area was divided into 7 vegetation types. evergreenneedle-leaved forest(Sparse Pinus massoniana forest is primary) is the main vegetation type, the following type is artificial economic fruit trees forest. evergreen broad-leaved forest, mixed evergreen deciduous broad-leaved forest and deciduous broad-leaved forest, and mixed evergreen broad-leaved evergreen needle-leaved forest, occupy 2.80% of total area in all. Under frequent disturbance of human behaviors, the degradation of natural vegetation is serious, evergreen broad-leaved forest has not the main vegetation of Mountain Daluo.(6) According as top-drawer ecosystem services, theoretical value and exist value which are the three new concepts put forward in our study, we educed C fixation, O₂ release, and air quality purifying are the three top-drawer ecosystem services. Valuation results showed, respectively, the theoretical value of C fixation, O₂ release, SO₂ purifying, and dust adsorption is 1594.17 RMB yuan ? hm^-2 ? a^-1, 6631.68 RMB yuan ? hm^-2 ? a^-1, 42.55 RMB yuan ? hm^-2 ? a^-1 and l374.96 RMB yuan? hm^-2 ? a^-1; the exist value of these four services is 493.94 RMB yuan ? hm^-2 ? a^-1, 2054.77 RMB yuan ? hm^-2 ? a^-1, 18.89 RMB yuan? hm^-2 ? a^-1, and 1049.86 RMB yuan? hm^-2 ? a^-1. The exist value of top-drawer ecosystem service is lower than the theoretical value dramatically. Especially, after deducting the maintenance expenses of economic fruit trees, the exist value of three top-drawer ecosystem service is only —13.60 million RMB yuan? a^-1.Basing on the comparative analysis with plants and vegetation of adjacent region, an...