| In this paper, taking the forestry ecological system of Jinyun Mountain in Chongqing as the research object, an evaluation index system of ecosystem service function for the area were proposed based on the long-term monitoring data by the State Forestry Bureau of Chongqing Jinyun Mountain forest eco station and field survey data.In the index system,7 different ecosystem service functions, including the whole water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, accumulation of nutrients, atmosphere environmental purification biodiversity conservation and forest recreation, were considered to quantitatively access for the ecological service function and value of different forest types in Jinyun Mountain.The result showed that:Species resources of forest ecosystem at Jinyun Mountain is abundant,64 genera and 75 species belonging to 48 families is included in all these 9 foreststands, and Shannon-Wiener diversity index are all over 1, the maximum of which is 2.67.This forest ecosystem could be divided into four main kinds of coenotypes, including the mixed broadleaf-conifer forestcoenotype, the evergreen broad-leaved forestcoenotype, the shrubbery coenotype, and the bamboo forestcoenotype.The order of the water conservation capacity among different coenotypes was:mixed broadleaf-conifer forestcoenotype>evergreen broad-leaved forestcoenotype>bamboo forestcoenotype. The ability of different forest stands provided different ecological service. Compared the water conservation capacity of 9 foreststands:Pinus massoniana broad-leaved forest had the strongest capacity of 885.26 t/hm2a; Cunninghamia lanceolata broadleaved forest took second of 869.46 t/hm2a; and that of the pure bamboo was poor of 325.82 t/hm2a.Forthe ability of soil conservation, the solid soil mass ofCastanopsis fargesii forest (276.14 t/hm) was the strongest,and the solid soil mass of Cunninghamia lanceolata Broad leaved Forests (225.07 t/hm2)was the lowest.The contents of diverse soil nutrients like organic materials, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at different forest stands were various, so that the values of fertilizerconservation were different.The value of fertilizer conservation of Castanopsis fargesii forest stand 34819.45 RMB/hm2a was to the highest place. Theseforest stands in vegetation carbon storage and soil carbon sequestration had large difference, and there was an inconsistency between the two.The release oxygen and its value between different stands was in consistent relation to the vegetation carbon sequestration. From the per spective of coenotypes, the nutrient accumulation capacity of evergreen broad-leaved forest coenotype was the strongest, following by bamboo forest coenotype, and mixed broadleaf-conifer forest coenotype was the worst.The nutrient accumulation capacity of different stands also had differences. The Phyllostachys heterocycle forest stand had the largest value on nitrogen accumulation capacity, and the Castanopsis fargesii forest stand owned the biggest value on potassium accumulation.All of forest stands poorly accumulated the phosphorus.By contrast; the Gordonia acuminata forest stand had the best capacity on the phosphorus accumulation.The bamboo forest coenotype could provide the largest number of negative oxygen ion, while the evergreen broad-leaved forest coenotype had the lowest ability on negative oxygen ionrelease. Average absorption per unit area of SO2 of mixed broadleaf-conifer forest coenotype were 338.18 kg/hm2a, and they were112.24 kg/hm2a and 239.89 kg/hm2a of evergreen broad-leaved forest coenotype and bamboo forest coenotype respectively.All four forest community types of ecosystems in Jinyun Mountain served about 1.10 billion yuan/aof ecosystem service function, and the average value of total ecological service functions per unit area was 144.6 thousand yuan/a. Among seven aspectsof ecological service functions, forest recreation of 0.28 billion yuan/awas the biggest part, while air purification of 4 million yuan/awas the smallest part. Different forest coenotypes and stands served different ecological services, which induces vary values. Ecological service functions(except recreation function) per unit areaof mixed broadleaf-conifer forest coenotype, the evergreen broad-leaved forest coenotype, and the shrubbery coenotype are familiar with value of 112.1 thousand yuan/a,110.7thousand yuan/a, and 108.4 thousand yuan/a correspondingly, except bamboo forest coenotype with the lowest value of 69.8 thousand yuan/a.This value assessment result turned out that the forestry ecological system provided a huge ecological services for the Jinyun Mountain district. |
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