Study On In Assessment System And Incentive Mechanism Of Water Conservation Society In Pollution Induced Water Shortage Areas

Water crisis due to the increasingly serious water pollution has become a major factor that constraints the development of society and economy of China. The building of water conservation society occupies the most improtant role in the implementation of sustainable development strategy and contributes much as well to the harmonious development of social economy and ecological environment, especially in the southern areas of China, known as the 'quality-induced water shortage' areas, where the water is abundant but the water quality is very poor because of the deterioration of eco-environment.The thesis systematically studies on the assessment system and incentive mechanisms of water conservation society based on multi-disciplinary knowledge that includes the system science, the economics science and the environmental science. The results achieved in the paper will contribute much to the establishment of research system on the quality-induced water shortage society and promote the water resource sustainable utilization.Based on much internal and external literature related to the study on the water conservation society, the conceptualization and characterization as well as development stages the of water conservation society are illustrated and discussed. The assessment system for the water conservation society is put forward with respect to regional water-utility compatibility and water footprint. The basis of three water-saving angles, the water demand quota mechanism, the water price mechanism and the public participation mechanism are established using the component of incentive mechanisms. Taking Shanghai as the study case, the concept of water conservation society has been put into practice by using the theory and method of pollution induced water shortage areas, and the channels to construct the water conservation society are suggested. The achievements acquired in this paper mainly include the following aspects:(1) The concept about the water conservation society of pollution induced water shortage areas is put forward followed by the essence of water conservation society consistently admitted by the relevant studies internal and external. Through the multi-stakeholder participating in the process, the sensible water resources management system and market mechanism is established. Meanwhile, the water conservation mechanism is constituted, including: the government regulation, the market guidance and the public participation. As a result, the modes of social production and lifestyles are changed to promote the coordinated development of resources, economy, society and environment. The basic characteristics of "water conservation society", including the diversity, the dynamicity, the threshold, the pertinence and the controllability, are discussed based on the characteristics of water resources system and the regional investigation. In addition, the development stages of water conservation society is studied by using the logistic model.(2) The assessment method of regional water use for industry is established using the systematology harmony theory. With respect to the water footprint available, the evaluation system is established for the assessment of water conservation society in the pollution induced water shortage areas. The principles of assessment are suggested including the ones oriented to the promotion of sustainable development, the adaptability of management and the multi-stakeholder participation; and the management principles, including the sustainability, the system integration, the dynamic adaptability and the stakeholder involvement, are demonstrated. The four-stage assessment procedure is construted, which consists of the data collection and goal-setting stage, the prliminary investiagion and investigation and framework design stage, the detailed investigation and comprehesive analysis stage as well as the adaptive management stage. Meanwhile, the water conservation society is analysed base on the influential factors; the indicator system and the assessment methods are put forward; the development of water conservation society assessment in water resoures management is discussed.(3) The mechanism of the water price system and the water quota as well as the public participation are discussed. The water price model and quota model for industry and living are established according to the questions about the water price and the amount of water use. Meanwhile, some key problems related to the investigation, including the range and choice of public, the form and function of questionnaires as well as the analysis on the results public survey, are preliminarily discussed.(4) Taking Shanghai area as an example, the assessment methods for the pollution induced water shortage areas put forward in this paper are managed to be applied to the assessment of water conservation level in the year 2005 according to the socio-economic conditions, the ecological environment and water saving data issued in public by the local government (Shanghai). The results show that the coordination degree of industry water use system in Shanghai is fairly good. Whereas, there still be some space for promoting the water use system in Shanghai area. It is suggested that more attention should be paid on the agriculture water use system in the future programming of water use system in Shanghai. Moreover, the forecasting indicators of the water conservation level in Shanghai are analysed and compared with that of the advanced level in the world. The results manifest the comprehensive level of water conservation in Shanghai is still lower than that in the developed countries. Through making an analysis of this gap, the problems of water-saving system in Shanghai are found.(5) The incentive mechanism of water-conservation society system is constructed in this paper from different sides.â‘ Taking the textile industry of Shanghai in year 2004 as a case study, the water quota calculation method for the production is calculated.â‘¡The water price model is used to estimate the water price for industry and living, respectively, in Shanghai. The implementation of price for industry water and living water will partly contribute to the establishment of water-saving society in Shanghai.â‘¢The questionnaire survey of water consumption and water saving in typical Shanghai residential areas shows that the consciousness of water conservation should be strengthened among people, and more related measures are to be made to decrease the waste of household water use. The effective measures taken to save the living water mainly include: improving the management of water supply system, popularizing the water saving utensils for living; developing recovering resource technology from wastewater, strengthening the residential water-saving consciousness through intensive propaganda.â‘£The water conservation management and corresponding measures, mainly concerned about the restoration of water environment, pollution control and the development of water-saving technology, are dicussed in detail based on the comprehesive assessment of water conservation society in Shanghai.