Study On Heat Resource Method And Tracer Theory For Leakage Of Dam

Heat resource method is used to study the leakage of dam and dyke qualitatively and quantitatively in this dissert. Environmental tracer and artificial tracer methods are also introduced to study this problem, and a general artificial tracer model is proposed. The main work is as follows:Firstly, given the difference of temperature distribution in strata and reservoir water, heat resource method is proposed to investigate the leakage of dam. The temperature of strata increases with the depth of strata, whereas with the increasing of depth, the temperature of reservoir water decreases. Moreover, influenced by the movement of groundwater, there will be abnormality in temperature distribution curve in borehole. Therefore, heat resource method can be used to determine the dam leakage location qualitatively.Secondly, two quantitative calculation modes for dam leakage are proposed with the heat resource method. The first one is continue line heat resource model. In this model, under the condition that the variation of pipe flow velocity is low comparatively, the influence of piping water to strata temperature is studied. The second one is dummy heat resource model. Difference from the first one, the research object is stable piping velocity during a comparative period. The piping water is regarded as a line heat resource, supposing there is a dummy heat resource, then the strata temperature is influenced by the real and dummy heat resources simultaneously. Through the analysis of temperature in piping flow, a piping velocity equation is proposed. Moreover, based on the principle of energy conservation, a heat resource method is proposed to calculate the leakage of dam. There will be heat exchange between the leakage water and stratum. The energy of leakage from stratum equals to the energy lost of stratum. It can be used to predict the possible leakage area and calculate the leakage volume of reservoir water.Artificial tracer method has been used to investigate dam leakage problem broadly. However, because of the influence of vertical flow in borehole and other dilution factors, the application of traditional point dilution method is limited. In order to solve this problem, a general artificial tracer model is proposed in this dissert. Moreover, the application of this model under difference conditions is discussed. Flow field aberration coefficient a is also discussed in this model. The general artificial tracer model looses the limitation of traditional point dilution method. With the model, the horizontal and vertical flow velocity of groundwater can be calculated simultaneously. Therefore, the application of artificial tracer method is broaden.Both temperature analysis and environmental isotope tracer method are natural tracer method. Temperature is important influence factor to the distribution of environmental isotope. Therefore, environmental isotope tracer method is used as an assistant method to temperature analysis in order to get more reasonable results. Artificial tracer method is also used to verify the result of heat resource models.