Design Of Multi-Channel Data Acquisition And Transmission System Based On FPGA

In the process of oil production and transportation,due to the different crude oil flow and pressure generated by multiple wellheads,it is necessary to pressurize the crude oil collected in multiple transportation pipelines through booster stations to ensure that the oil can be smoothly transported to the next station.Therefore,booster station plays a very important role in the process of oil transportation.In order to ensure the safe production of booster station,it is necessary to monitor the flow and pressure of each pipeline,and the number is more than 10.The PLC system usually used requires multiple modules,high cost and complex wiring.In this context,the principle prototype of multi-channel data acquisition and transmission system based on FPGA is designed to realize the measurement of field sensors,and the data processing results are transmitted in real time through Ethernet protocol to display the current working condition of the computer software.In this paper,for the multi-channel data acquisition and transmission system,the work is as follows:(1)The data acquisition requirements of the oilfield booster station are analyzed in detail,and the overall scheme of the multi-channel data acquisition and transmission system is designed,which uses FPGA as the main controller,uses an external ADC chip for analog-digital conversion to realize analog quantity acquisition,and carries out man-machine interaction through Ethernet communication.(2)In order to achieve the goal of multi-channel data acquisition and transmission,this paper mainly studies two parts: hardware circuit design and main control logic program design.In the aspect of system hardware circuit design,detailed analysis of key chip parameters to determine the key chip selection,and then complete the schematic diagram and PCB circuit design and other hardware architecture circuit.In the internal logic design of FPGA,the ADC driver module based on SPI communication protocol is designed,and the FIR digital filter is used to digitally filter the sensor signal to reduce the influence of field high frequency noise.In order to facilitate the upper computer to identify the specific equipment and channel from which the sampled data comes,the host computer makes a custom frame processing,and transmits it to the upper computer through the Ethernet module.(3)The upper computer software based on Lab VIEW is designed.Its main function is to control the lower computer to realize the start-stop collection function,and restore the collected transmission data into waveform curves for real-time display on the upper computer interface.(4)The functional integrity and reliability of the data acquisition and transmission system are verified by building a test platform.Firstly,the reliability of Ethernet data transmission is verified,and then the sampling accuracy of the collected data is analyzed.Finally,the overall function of the system is tested.Compared with the traditional data acquisition,the multi-channel data acquisition and transmission system based on FPGA can support the multi-channel data acquisition,with higher acquisition accuracy,higher flexibility and programmability.It can be customized according to different application requirements,meet the requirements of data acquisition and transmission under different working conditions,and provide support for the long-term development of the oilfield booster station.