Research On The Capacity Building And Its Effectiveness From The Perspective Of Social Support Theory

In a variety of pension models,although institutional pension provides a strong guarantee for the elderly in the combination of medical care,clothing,food,housing and transportation,home-based pension has become the choice of most of the elderly due to the influence of China’s profound cultural and traditional concepts,the living habits of feeling free to provide for the elderly at home and the economic pressure of retirement wages.The distribution of pension patterns in Chinese society is uneven,and the ratio range is: about 90% of the elderly adopt the home-based pension model,relying on family members or self-employed caregivers;When the family pension resources are insufficient,7% of the elderly will choose the pension resources within the nearby community area for pension,such as citizen post station,community day care center,community canteen dining,community health center and other community resources,so as to meet the daily needs of pension life;3% of the elderly choose institutional pension,stay away from communities and families,and live in nursing homes or nursing homes.The community is a collection of family individuals from various units,which means that there are a large number of elderly people who can’t live independently,and most of their responsibilities for home-based elderly care are borne by their family members.Although China has established a policy system to support home-based elderly care and relied on elderly care service institutions to enter the community to provide home-based elderly care services,This respite type of elderly care service can help home-based elderly care caregivers alleviate the temporary care pressure,but it can not provide continuous support for home-based elderly care caregivers,improve the care ability as the main responsibility object of home-based elderly care,and qualitatively improve the ability of caregivers with the "hematopoietic" method,so that home-based elderly care and community home-based elderly care services can provide high-quality services for the elderly more comprehensively and systematically,Improve the happiness of home-based elderly care.In this study,30 caregivers in X Street,Mayor Ning District of Shanghai were selected as subjects to build their 6-month capacity of home care.The intervention of capacity-building is led by government departments and relies on the professional "six divisions" team of community old-age service institutions.It mainly includes social workers,full-time physicians,rehabilitation massagers,psychological consultants,nurses and nurses to carry out the task of capacity-building for community-based old-age families.The Zarit Carer Burden Scale is used to assess the burden indicators of home-based old-age carers.Make sure you truly understand the care status of home-based caregivers.The three major practical methods of social work specialty are to set up the course structure mainly for: to improve the knowledge reserve,practical skills-based collective teaching,to support mutual assistance,psychological consolation as the goal of the informal support group,to individual intervention,one-to-one home guidance.Through such systematic intervention,it can provide all-round support for the improvement of caregivers’ care ability.After 6 months of competence training,referring to the assessment of caregiver’s behavioral skills self-report(CABS-SR)and the Psychological Adaptation Scale(PAS)for caregivers developed by American scholar Biesecker,a professional assessment of caregiver’s ability after training was made based on the content of the course.According to the evaluation results,design the capacity-building training courses for home-based elderly care caregivers that meet the needs.Paired sample t experiment was used to detect the changes of caregivers’ burden and care ability before and after participating in capacity-building training,and to explore the effectiveness of capacity-building training for home-based elderly care caregivers.In addition,in the capacity-building training,the social support system of home-based elderly care caregivers is also being reshaped and deepened.Using the social support theory,this paper analyzes the formal support system and informal support system in the ability improvement of home-based elderly care caregivers,and puts forward constructive suggestions for better improving their social support,which is important for promoting the integration of home-based elderly care and community home-based elderly care,It is of great significance to further improve the self-efficacy of family caregivers.