Research On The Relationship Between Fundamental Motor Skill And Healthy Related Fitness Of School-Aged Children In Yangpu District,Shanghai

Research Background: The health related fitness level of Children in China has decreased significantly compared with that in 2016.In recent years,cardiopulmonary fitness and muscle fitness have decreased year by year.Meanwhile,the rate of obesity and overweight among children has increased significantly.In view of this,the state has issued a series of school sports related documents,eager to improve the level of health related fitness.At present,a number of foreign studies have pointed out that fundamental motor skills can promote health related fitness,but there are only 4empirical studies on 3-6 years old in China,and 6-10 years old is the sensitive period of children’s fundamental motor skills development and the golden period of health related fitness improvement,so it is urgent for scholars to supplement empirical studies on this age groupObjective: This study selected school-age children in Yangpu District,Shanghai as the measurement object,through objective measurement of fundamental motor skills(locomotor skills,control skills,stability skills),health fitness(cardiopulmonary fitness,muscle fitness,flexibility,body composition).This study aims to(1)investigate the status quo of fundamental motor skills and health related fitness of school-age children in Shanghai.(2)To investigate the gender and age differences of fundamental motor skills and health related fitness of school-age children in Shanghai.(3)To explore the correlation between fundamental motor skills and health related fitness of school-age children in Shanghai and the gender difference between them.(4)To explore the effects of fundamental motor skills(locomotor skills,control skills,stability skills)on various sub-dimensions of fitness(cardiopulmonary fitness,muscle fitness,flexibility fitness,body composition)and gender differences of school-age children in Shanghai.Research Methods: 307 students from 2 primary schools in Yangpu District of Shanghai were selected for testing in this study.After eliminating invalid data,304 samples were retained,with an effective rate of 99%.Gross motor development test and children’s physical coordination test were used to measure fundamental motor skills.Height scale was used to measure height and weight,and body mass index was calculated to measure the body composition dimension of health fitness.20 m round-trip running,grip strength,sit-up,and sitting forward flexion were used to measure cardiopulmonary fitness,muscle strength,muscle endurance,and flexibility fitness dimensions of healthy body fitness.All data were input into SPSS26.0 software package,and invalid sample data were removed.Stability skill data were converted into stability skill dynamic quotient score,and health fitness related indicators were converted into health fitness score using standard score scale.Through shapiro-Wilk test whether the data conform to normal distribution;Independent sample T test was used to analyze gender and age differences of each indicator.Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between FMS subclass dimension and HRF subclass dimension.Multiple linear regression equations were used to explore the influence of locomotor,control and stability skills on different HRF indexes and gender differences.Results :(1)there were significant differences in locomotor skill level,control skill level,grip strength level,sitting body flexion level and BMI index among children of different genders.All indexes except stability skill have significant difference with age.(2)There is a medium-high correlation between locomotor skill and 20 m round-trip running,grip strength and sit-up(0.247< R <0.438),while there is a significant difference between stability skill and sit-up(r=0.179).(3)Control skills had significant effects on HRF subdimension except body composition(0.13<β<0.262),while locomotor skills and stability skills only had significant effects on sit-up(β=0.145,β=0.157).(4)Control skill had significant influence on cardiopulmonary fitness in boys(β=0.421),and locomotor skill and muscular endurance in girls(β=0.210).Conclusion: Children in Yangpu district of Shanghai have better fundamental motor skills and health related fitness.The locomotor and control skills of 6-10 years old children were correlated with cardiopulmonary fitness and muscle fitness,while the stability skills were only weakly correlated with muscle fitness.The control skills of girls were weakly correlated with flexibility fitness,and there was no correlation between FMS and body composition.Control skills have a higher contribution rate to HRF subdimension,and have a significant predictive effect on cardiopulmonary fitness and muscle fitness,while locomotor skills,control skills and stability skills have a significant impact on muscle fitness.Compared with girls,boys’ control skills had significant predictive effects on cardiopulmonary fitness and muscle strength.Girls locomotor skills have a significant predictive effect on muscular endurance.