Research On The Spatial Effect Of China’s Higher Education Resource Allocation Efficiency

Since the reform and opening-up,China’s higher education has made great progress,the number and the scale of colleges and universities and training institutions have been significantly improved.According to the national education funds statistics express,the total investment in higher education has reached 1399.9 billion yuan in 2020,the problem of insufficient investment in higher education has been significantly improved.However,the following problem of low efficiency of higher education resource allocation also gradually appears,which is mainly reflected in the large differences in resource investment among provinces and colleges at all levels,and the serious waste of higher education resources.It can be said that the inefficient allocation of higher education resources has gradually become the main factor restricting the high-quality development of higher education in China.Therefore,how to correctly measure the efficiency of higher education resource allocation,explore the characteristics of higher education resource allocation efficiency and analyze the factors affecting higher education resource allocation efficiency has important theoretical and practical significance.Based on the statistical data of 27 provinces from 2005 to 2018,this paper measures and dynamically analyzes the allocation efficiency of China’s provincial higher education resources by constructing the global super efficiency SBM-DEA model and the intertemporal Malmquist index model.On this basis,the spatial correlation of higher education resource allocation efficiency is confirmed by using the spatial econometric methods,the quantitative method of niche suitability is improved.The causes and mechanism of spatial correlation of higher education resource allocation efficiency are solved by using the theory of niche overlap and ecological competition.Finally,the influence of various factors on higher education resource allocation efficiency is further discussed by using the dynamic spatial Dubin model.The results of this paper show that:(1)China’s higher education resource allocation efficiency presents obvious dynamic,regional and spatial characteristics,which is specifically reflected in the autocorrelation of provincial higher education resource allocation efficiency and the decreasing trend from the eastern coast to the northwest inland.At the same time,there is a significant positive spatial effect between provincial higher education resource allocation efficiency.(2)The types of niche overlap of higher education in China are mainly equal width niche overlap with sufficient resources,equal width niche overlap with insufficient resources and adjacent niche.(3)Improving the technical efficiency of higher education resource allocation is the most effective way to increase the total factor productivity of higher education.(4)From the short-term and long-term total effects of the results of the dynamic spatial panel model,the reduction of the ratio of students to teachers in colleges and the proportion of provincial financial expenditure in national financial expenditure will improve the efficiency of provincial resource allocation,and the other selected indicators can only directly or indirectly affect the efficiency of provincial resource allocation.