A Study Of Comparative Sentences In Northern Henan Dialect

The research object of the paper is the comparative sentences between Zhongyuan Mandarin and Jin dialect in the northern Henan region.Through formulating a detailed and suitable survey outline,based on the field research,we collected and summarized the language data of 32 dialect points in six cities in northern Henan.By using the methods of inductive description,comparison,and theoretical analysis,combined with the theory of geographical linguistics,to clarify the types and geographical distribution of comparative sentences in northern Henan dialect,in order to deepen our understanding of the synchronic appearance and historical sources of comparative sentences in northern Henan dialect,and to improve our understanding of the relationship between Central Plains Mandarin and Jin dialect,as well as the mutual influence between different dialects.The comparative sentence system in northern Henan dialect is divided into three categories:double marked comparative sentences,single marked comparative sentences,and special type comparative sentences.In addition to some typical forms,comparative sentences in northern Henan dialect often have"variations"formed by omitting comparative markers,ellipsis,and shifting comparative results.In terms of comparative markers,there are various forms of phonetic changes between the flat comparison marker"跟"and the difference comparison marker"比".In addition,the paper traces the historical origin of comparative markers in comparative sentences in northern Henan dialect based on existing research data.The comparative markers"跟"and"比"have existed since ancient times,and the comparative marker"撵上"is a new usage that emerged at the end of the 20th century.In terms of comparison results,adjectives that serve as comparison results are mostly positive,and the comparison results often shift forward.In addition,the comparative point and degree adverbs"镇~H"and"恁~H"are important restrictive factors for comparative sentences in the northern Henan dialect.By analyzing the syntactic features of comparative sentences in northern Henan dialect,it is found that the patterns of various comparative sentences in northern Henan dialect show certain regularity in geographical distribution.The geographical distribution and development of comparative sentences in northern Henan dialect are closely related to historical migration,geographical geography and Administrative division.The paper believes that the geographical distribution of different types of comparative sentence formats in the northern dialect of Henan shows different historical levels,and the dialects in the northern region show deeper historical correspondences compared to other dialects.The contact between Jin dialect in northern Henan and Central Plains Mandarin is further deepened,which is highlighted in the phenomenon of phonetic change of comparative marks,the type of comparative sentence patterns,etc;Henan core dialects along the Yellow River,which belong to the Central Plains Mandarin area,tend to spread to neighboring dialect points,and this trend is further strengthened;Some dialect points in the east of northern Henan and adjacent to Shandong show unique local characteristics under the influence of Language contact.