Relationship Between Individuals And Communities

Starting from the relationship between individuals and communities,this article explores the relationship between individuals and communities from the perspective of historical perspectives by considering the conflict between the development of the natural historical process of communities and the enhancement of individual freedom consciousness,based on a comparative analysis of Marxist and communitarian community views.As individuals gradually shed their veil of infinite worship of divine power and monarchy,they pay more attention to real life,and the deeper their understanding of personal rationality,the more they want to achieve individual freedom and realize their own values.In essence,the relationship between individuals and communities mainly includes two levels.First,the boundaries and interactions between individuals and communities;Second,the historical development of the relationship between individuals and communities.By comparing the community thoughts of Marxism and Communitarianism,this article finds that the starting point of both thoughts is focused on the criticism of the abstract self of extreme individualism.By criticizing Hegel’s spiritual self view and Steiner’s abstract human being,Marx made it clear that "the real individual" is the real human subject,and such an individual is qualified to pursue freedom in the real community.Communitarianism criticizes Rawls’ independent self and Berlin’s negative view of freedom by proposing a "constructive self",establishing human social existence and a proactive view of freedom,thereby limiting individual freedom within the community.However,there are differences in the criticism of the abstract self between the two ideological trends.This difference depends on the similar but different community ideas of Marxism and Communitarianism represented by Sandel,Taylor,and Walzer,which determines their understanding of individual freedom and the relationship between individuals and communities.The process of building a community between Marxism and Communitarianism is also a critical process of liberalism in essence.The common object they face is liberalism.Liberalism,Communitarianism and Marxism have different degrees of understanding of the thought of individual freedom.Liberalism sets individual freedom in an absolute field that only concerns itself,and bears its own risks and misfortunes,and believes that this is the final Magino defense line of individual freedom.Communitarianism believes that individual freedom depends on the tolerance of the social community,and is also the limit of freedom that other members of the community can accept.The freedom that the community can give is the upper limit of individual freedom.However,Marxism believes that the real freedom in the free man union should be internalized in itself and form the freedom of self-discipline.Whether for others or society,the freedom of self-discipline should be appropriate,and individuals will not feel constrained in it.The debate between liberalism and Communitarianism focuses on which is the priority between the community and the individual,and how much freedom the individual enjoys in the community.Marxism transcends them,stresses the consistency between the individual and the community,and pursues the freedom of individual self-discipline.From the perspective of individual freedom,the author attempts to analyze and compare the concept of community between Marxism and Communitarianism,and examine the relationship between individuals and communities from the perspective of political philosophy and political economics,that is,to what extent can individuals and communities achieve dynamic two-way balance,so that individuals can realize real individual freedom in the community.