An Experimental Study Of Chinese Affricate Categories Perception Among Intermediate Chinese Learners From Spanish-speaking Areas

The SLM theoretical model holds that the output of speech and the perception of speech categories are balanced.Correct acquisition of second language speech requires clear and correct phonemic perception as a basis.Starting from the theories of PAM model,SLM model and ASP model,this paper takes the intermediate level Chinese proficiency foreign students from Spanish-speaking areas as the research object,and takes the native speaker’s level as the reference,and designs perceptual assimilation experiments,recognition experiments and discrimination experiments to analyze their impact on Chinese slurs.The categorization perception of three groups of consonants j[?]-q[??],z[ts]-c[tsh],and zh[t?]-ch[t??]in sounds.The experimental results show that the intermediate level Chinese learners of the Spanish-speaking areas have initially established the corresponding perception categories of these three groups of fricatives,and their assimilation patterns are basically consistent with the results predicted by the PAM model,and they can achieve the basic understanding of aspirated/unaspirated sounds.Discrimination,but the level of establishment of categorization is uneven,the peaks of the discrimination curve are not unique and do not correspond to category boundaries in the identification curve.The comparison with native speakers on the slope of the recognition curve is as follows:j[?]-q[?~h]:native speakers(0.172)>intermediate learners(0.133),z[ts]-c[ts~h]:native speakers(0.160)>Intermediate learners(0.079),zh[t?]-ch[t?~h]:native speakers(0.179)>Intermediate learners(0.139).The larger the slope has,the higher the degree of categorization is.It can be seen that the j[?]-q[??]and zh[t?]-ch[t??]groups of intermediate learners have higher categorization levels,and z[ts]-c[ts~h]group has a relatively low level of categorization and poor performance.The experimental results show that the category perception boundaries of the three groups of consonant aspirated opposites are relatively backward,and the VOT of unaspirated sounds is longer than that of native speakers,and the gap between them is 1 to 3 steps.Affected by factors such as native language voiced fricatives,the aspirating time is longer.The article proposes that for intermediate level Chinese language learners from Spanish-speaking areas,we should also attach importance to phonetic teaching,strengthen their awareness of correcting deviations,and deepen their phonetic perception training to strengthen their ability to perceive Chinese consonants in categories,and follow up the output of their key phonetic sounds in a timely manner to correct errors preventing"fossilization"phenomenon.