| Objective:By including patients who meet the diagnostic criteria for type 2 diabetes and the diagnostic criteria for Yin deficiency syndrome in type 2 diabetes,this research was done by using bioelectrical impedance technology-based body composition analysis to explore the objective body composition characteristics of patients with Yin deficiency syndrome in type 2 diabetes.Method:Using a cross-sectional research method,this research collected patients who meet the criteria for type 2 diabetes diagnosis and have a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)diagnosis of Yin deficiency syndrome.Patients’ general information、body composition indicators、lab indicators、scores of symptoms were gathered in this research.Excel was used for data management by entering all eligible patients’ case information.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 27.0.Count indicators were processed using frequency tables,percentages,or constituent ratios,while quantitative indicators were expressed as mean±standard deviation.For data that followed a normal distribution,the t-test was used.For data that did not follow a normal distribution,the Mann-Whitney U test was used.When conducting correlation analysis,the Pearson linear correlation analysis was used for data that followed a normal distribution,while the Spearman rank correlation test was used for data that did not follow a normal distribution.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between symptom scores and body composition.For regression analysis,to eliminate the correlation and multicollinearity between independent variables.Then,with symptom scores as the dependent variable,the remaining independent variables were screened using the multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis method.Results:This research has collected 114 patients,including 51 male and 63 female.The youngest is 20 years old while the eldest is 84 years old.According to the BMI standards in China,79 people with a BMI above 24 Kg/m2 has become the majority in this research.39 people who was diagnosed with T2DM less than 5 years.Out of 114 patients,31 patients have diagnosed with diabetic complication,49 people used to have high blood pressure,52 people used to have hyperlipemia history,5 people have had hyperuricemia,9 people have had cardio or nero disease,12 people have diagnosed with fatty liver.When age is compared with ECW,ICW,TBW,Mineral,Protein,BFM,PBF,SLM,SMM,Muscle TR,Muscle RA,Muscle LA,Muscle RL,Muscle LL,the result showed a negative correlation.While a positive correlation(p<0.05)can be seen when age is compared with VFA or WHR.The difference in narrow pulse has statistical significance(p=0.024<0.05)in relation to the body fat mass(BFM),where the median BFM for those without narrow pulse(20.400)is higher than the median BFM for those with narrow pulse(16.500).Similarly,the difference in narrow pulse has statistical significance(p=0.007<0.01)in relation to the percentage of body fat(PBF),where the median PBF for those without narrow pulse(29.100)is higher than the median PBF for those with narrow pulse(22.000).Finally,the difference in narrow pulse has statistical significance(p=0.028<0.05)in relation to the visceral fat area(VFA),where the median VFA for those without narrow pulse(133.100)is higher than the median VFA for those with narrow pulse(110.500).The typical tongue manifestation of Yin deficiency syndrome has statistical significance(p=0.002<0.01)in relation to body fat mass(BFM),where the median BFM for those without red tongue with less tongue coating and less saliva(21.800)is higher than the median BFM for those with red tongue with less tongue coating and less saliva(18.200).Similarly,the difference in the tongue manifestation of Yin deficiency syndrome has statistical significance(p=0.009<0.01)in relation to the percentage of body fat(PBF),where the median PBF for those without red tongue with less tongue coating and less saliva(29.700)is higher than the median PBF for those with red tongue with less tongue coating and less saliva(26.800).Finally,the difference in the tongue manifestation of Yin deficiency syndrome has statistical significance(p=0.019<0.05)in relation to the visceral fat area(VFA),where the median VFA for those without red tongue with less tongue coating and less saliva(134.900)is higher than the median VFA for those with red tongue with less tongue coating and less saliva(126.400).Positive correlation(p<0.05)can be seen when BMI is compared to the following:ECW,ICW,TBW,Mineral,Protein,BFM,VFA,PBF,WHR,SLM,SMM,Muscle TR,Muscle RA,Muscle LA,Muscle RL,Muscle LL.A significant positive correlation can be found between ALT and Muscle LA(P<0.05),same correlation is also seen between ALT and Muscle TR.Significant negative correlation(p<0.05)can be seen between HDL-C and Muscle LA(R=-0.213)or Muscle RA(R=-0.222).Cr had a negative correlation with BFM and PBF.A significant positive correlation(p<00.5)can be seen when UA is compared with the following factors:ECW,ICW,TBW,Mineral,Protein,SLM,Muscle TR,Muscle RA,Muscle LA,Muscle RL,Muscle LL.A significant negative correlation(p<0.05)can be found between HbAlc and ECW、ICW、TBW、Mineral、Protein、SLM、SMM、Muscle TR、Muscle RA、Muscle LA.R=-0.217,R=-0.207,R=-0.2 21,R=-0.220,R=-0.217,R=-0.220,R=-0.221,R=-0.235,R=-0.236,R=0.217,R=-0.193。A statistical significance was found between Red and Dry Tongue and VFA,R=-0.206,p=0.028<0.05,meaning that the manifestation of Red and Dry Tongue has a negative correlation between VFA.Sensation of hot palm and soles showed a statistical significance when compared with VFA,R=-0.187,p=0.047<0.05,indicating that a negative correlation can be found between the sensation of hot palm and soles and VFA.Aversion to heat showed a statistical significance when compared with PBF,R=-0.128,p=0.02<0.05,meaning that aversion to heat and PBF showed a negative correlation.A statistical significance can be found when dry stool is compared with each of the following:BFM,VFA,WHR.p value of each category is p=0.034,p=0.021,p=0.036(p<0.05);R value of each category is R=-0.199,R=-R=0.215,R=-0.196,meaning that dry stool has a negative correlation between BFM,VFA and WHR.Skin dryness and itchiness showed a statistical significance when compared with BFM(p=0.020<0.05)or PBF(p=0.029<0.05);the R values are of the following:R=-0.218.R=-0.205,meaning that there is a negative correlation between skin dryness and itchiness and BFM,PBF.When emaciation compared with the following:ECW,ICW,TBW,Mineral,Protein,BFM,VFA,PBF,WHR,SLM,SMM,Muscle TR,Muscle RA,Muscle LA,Muscle RL,Muscle LL,a negative correlation can be seen.The symptom "thirst with a like for cool drinks" is compared with VFA and WHR,it is found to have a statistical significance with p=0.011,p=0.10;and R values of R=-0.238,R=-0.239,which means that "thirst with a like for cool drinks" has a negative correlation with VFA and WHR.Regression analysis result shows:Red and Dry Tongue to VFA(OR=0.984,95%CI0.969-0.998,p=0.027),dysphoria in chestpalms-soles to PBF(OR=0.983,95%CI 0.9700.993,p=0.015),aversion to heat and PBF(OR=0.950,95%CI 0.911-0.990,p=0.015),thready rapid pulse and PBF(OR=0.917,95%CI 0.854-0.985,p=0.017).Conclusion:Section 1:The results showed significant differences in body composition parameters between men and women,between patients with and without a history of fatty liver in body fat mass,between patients with and without typical tongue image of Yin deficiency,between patients with and without typical pulse manifestation in Yin deficiency.Section 2:Age showed a negative correlation with ICW,ECW,TBW,mineral,protein,BFM,PBF,SLM,SMM,Muscle TR,Muscle RA,Muscle LA,Muscle LL,Muscle RL.Age showed a positive correlation with VFA and WHR.BMI showed a positive correlation with all body composition parameters.There were correlations between laboratory indicators and body composition parameters:ALT had a significant positive correlation with Muscle LA and Muscle TR.HDL-C had a significant negative correlation with Muscle LA and Muscle RA.UA had a significant positive correlation with ECW,ICW,TBW,Mineral,Protein,SLM,SMM,Muscle TR,Muscle LA,Muscle RA,Muscle LL,Muscle RL.A significant negative correlation can be found between HbAlc and ECW、ICW、TBW、Mineral、Protein、SLM、SMM、Muscle TR、Muscle RA、Muscle LA.Cr had a negative correlation with BFM and PBF.There were correlations between symptom scores of T2DM patients with Yin deficiency and body composition parameters:a negative correlation existed between a red tongue with little fluid and visceral fat area.A positive correlation has found between narrow pulse and percent body fat.A negative correlation was observed between irritability and heat in the five internal organs(heart,liver,spleen,lungs,and kidneys)and visceral fat area.A negative correlation was seen between heat intolerance and fat percentage.A negative correlation was present between dry stools and body fat mass,visceral fat area,and waist-to-hip ratio.A negative correlation was found between dry and itchy skin and body fat mass,and fat percentage.A negative correlation was observed between emaciation or gradual weight loss and extracellular fluid,intracellular fluid,total body water,inorganic salt,protein,body fat mass,visceral fat area,fat percentage,waist-to-hip ratio,muscle mass,skeletal muscle mass,trunk muscle mass,right upper limb muscle mass,left upper limb muscle mass,right lower limb muscle mass,and left lower limb muscle mass.A negative correlation was found between preference for cold drinks when thirsty and visceral fat area,and waist-to-hip ratio. |
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