Status And Influencing Factors Of Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome Among Elderly People In Nursing Institutions

PurposeTo investigate the the prevalence rate of Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome(MCR)in elderly people in nursing homes in Shenyang and explore its influencing factors,so as to provide reference for preventing the onset of MCR and delaying the progression of MCR in elderly people.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study.The multi-stage sampling method was adopted to investigate the incidence and related factors of MCR among the aged 60 years and above from 12 nursing homes in 5 administrative regions of Shenyang from October2021 to October 2022;8-item Ascertain Dementia(AD-8)、 Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire(SCD-Q9)、10 Meters’ Walk test(10MWT)were used to screen the elderly with MCR,and the general information questionnaire、Activities of Daily Living(ADL)、Geriatric Depression Scale-15(GDS-15)and Global Pain Scale(GPS)were used to evaluate the influencing factors of the elderly with MCR.SPSS 22.0 was used for data statistics and analysis.The characteristics between the two groups were compared using Chi-square(χ2)test of categorical variables;Continuous variables conforming to normal distribution were analyzed by independent sample t test;Continuous variables that did not conform to normal distribution were tested by Mann-Whitney U test;The relevant influencing factors were analyzed by binary Logistic regression.Results1.A total of 447 questionnaires were sent out in this study,of which 430 were valid,with a recovery rate of 96.2%,including 188 males(43.7%)and 242 females(56.3%);The included subjects ranged in age from 60 to 97 years old,with an average age of 76.51±8.13 years old.Among them,176(40.9%)were ≥ 80 years old,159(37.0%)were 70-79 years old,and 95(22.1%)were 60-69 years old.2.In this study,175 elderly people suffered from MCR in nursing homes,accounting for 40.6%;There were 77 male patients,accounting for 41.0%,and 98 female patients,accounting for 40.5%;There were 22 patients with MCR in five-star nursing homes,and the prevalence rate of MCR was 25%;The number of patients in four-star nursing homes was 20,and the prevalence rate of MCR was 32.8%;There were 34 cases of old people with MCR in three-star nursing homes,and the prevalence rate of MCR was 40.0%;There were 48 old people with MCR in two-star nursing homes,the prevalence rate of MCR was 47.5%;There were 51 old people with MCR in one-star nursing homes,and the prevalence rate of MCR was 53.6%.3.Univariate analysis between the MCR group and the non-MCR group showed that different age、education level、marital status、number of children、monthly income、nursing home situation、residence reason、multiple medication、comorbidity、BMI、fall history、visual status、hearing status、sleep time、exercise frequency、depression and pain were related factors for the onset of MCR,the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).4.Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the elderly(70-79 years old OR=6.959,95%CI=1.330-36.401,P=0.022;≥ 80 years old OR=29.661,95%CI=4.166-211.172,P=0.001)、 multiple drug use(OR=27.150,95%CI =4.241-173.807,P< 0.001)、history of falls(OR=15.580,95%CI =4.298-56.478,P< 0.001)、hearing status(speaking softly,inaudible OR=6.396,95%CI=1.701-24.059,P=0.006;Difficulties in normal communication OR=15.889,95%CI=2.687-93.963,P=0.002)、depression(OR=12.682,95%CI=3.455-46.555,P<0.001)、pain(OR=13.726,95%CI=3.583-52.576,P< 0.001)was the risk factor of MCR in the elderly;Residential nursing home(five-star nursing home OR=0.102,95%CI=0.011-0.990,P=0.049)、body mass index(BMI≥28 OR=0.025,95%CI=0.001-0.768,P=0.035)and sleep duration(6-8 hours/day OR=0.214,95%CI=0.056-0.824,P=0.025)were protective factors for the occurrence of MCR.Conclusion1.Among the elderly people in pension institutions in Shenyang included in this study,The number of elderly people with MCR was 175,the prevalence rate 40.6%,indicating a high prevalence rate of MCR among elderly people in pension institutions.2.Age、residential institutions for the elderly、multiple medication、body mass index(BMI)、fall history、hearing status、sleep time、depression and pain were the factors affecting the onset of MCR in elderly people in nursing home institutions.Among them,old age、multiple drug use、fall history、poor hearing、depression、pain were the risk factors of MCR in the elderly;Living in five-star nursing institutions、BMI≥28 and sleeping for 6-8 hours had a protective effect on the occurrence of MCR in the elderly.