| This paper had studied the effects of different track maintenance methods on the performance and body metabolism of Yili horses in 1600 m speed race,in order to provide reference for the breeding,training and track maintenance of Yili horses.Eight Yili stallions aged 3 years old with similar body size,weight and feeding and management had been selected for training until they were mature and stable.1600 m speed racing test had been conducted under different track maintenance methods.HRV had been recorded by Polar during the race and blood had been collected from the horses jugular vein immediately before and after the race.A finishing time system had been setted up at the terminal to record the results of each horse.High-speed video cameras had been used to record horse movement videos at the terminal,straights and curves,which had been imported into kinovea software for analysis.The results are as follows:(1)Under different track maintenance methods,the results of 1600 m speed race in each group had not reached a significant level(P>0.05),but the race time of the compact group had been lower than that of the common group and the soft group.(2)There had been differences in gait characteristic parameters under different track maintenance methods.In the straight track stage,SF of the compact group had been extremely significantly higher than that of the soft group and the common group(P<0.01);SL and stride angle of compaction group had been extremely significantly higher than those of the soft group(P<0.01),and significantly higher than those of the common group(P<0.05).In the curve stage,aerial duration and SF of the compact group had been extremely significantly higher than those of the soft group and the ordinary group(P<0.01).At the end stage,SF in the compact group had been extremely significantly higher than that in the soft group(P<0.01),and SF in the soft group had been significantly lower than that of the common group(P<0.05);Hind SL of the compact group had been significantly higher than that of the common group(P<0.05).(3)Differences had been found in HRV after race under different track maintenance methods.Immediately after the competition,SDNN and RMSSD of the compact group are extremely significantly higher than those of the common group and the soft group(P<0.01);SI of the compact group had been extremely significantly lower than that of common group and soft group(P<0.01).Half an hour after the competition,SDNN of the compact group had been extremely significantly higher than that of the common group(P<0.01);RMSSD of the compact group had been extremely significantly higher than that of the common group(P<0.01),and significantly higher than that of the soft group(P<0.05);LF of the compact group had been extremely significantly higher than that of the common group(P<0.01),and significantly higher than that of the soft group(P<0.05);HF of the compact group had been significantly higher than that of the common group and the soft group(P<0.05);TP of the compact group had been extremely significantly higher than that of the common group(P<0.01).(4)There had been differences in body metabolism under different track maintenance methods.After the race,betaine,L-n-leucine,D-pantothenic acid,dimethylglycine,L-valine,leucine,proline,acetylcarnitine,glucose,lactic acid,malic acid,pyruvate,salicylic acid,horse uric acid,methylmalonic acid,choline,uric acid,5-hydroxyphenol and linoleic acid had been extremely significantly higher than those of the rest group(P<0.01).citrulline,D-tryptophan,cetamide,carnitine and citric acid had been extremely significantly lower than those of the rest group(P<0.01).Compared with the common group,betaine,L-methionine,dimethylglycine,L-valine,tyrosine,salicylic acid,hippuric acid,eugenol,chrysin,Kailin,vitamin C and 5-hydroxyphenol of the compact group increase extremely significantly(P<0.01),and cetamide,acetylcarnitine,luteolin,homovanillic acid,carnitine,L-histidine,glutamine citrulline and choline had decreased significantly(P<0.05),and creatine and nicotinamide had decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01).Compared with the soft group,betaine,L-valine,phenylalanine,tyrosine,palmitoleic acid and equine acid of the compact group had increased extremely significantly(P<0.01),and salicylic acid,high vanillic acid,vitamin C and 5-hydroxyphenol had increased significantly(P<0.05),and L-n-leucine and 2-methylcitric acid had decreased significantly(P<0.05),and L-leucine,creatine,niacinamide and α-linolenic acid had decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01).The research shows that track maintenance significantly affects the gait characteristics,HRV and body metabolism of Yili horses.Proper compaction of the track can increase the stride length and stride frequency of horses and reduce lactic acid accumulation and fatigue and shorten the race time.Therefore,track conditions should be considered in the process of breeding and evaluation of horse performance,so as to improve the accuracy of individual selection. |
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