Effects Of Feeding Steam-pressed Corn On Production Performance,Serum Biochemical Indices And Rumen Microbial Fermentation Of Xinjiang Brown Bulls

Competition between humans and livestock for grain is an important problem restricting the development of animal husbandry.Corn after steam-pressing treatment can effectively improve the production efficiency of beef cattle.The experiment will explore the effects of feeding steam-pressing corn on performance,serum biochemical indices and rumen microbial fermentation of Xinjiang brown cattle to reveal its mechanism on beef cattle,sixteen 18-month-old bulls with body weight to(436±23.98 kg)were randomly divided into two groups(P>0.05),the experimental group(T group)was fed with steam compressed corn,and the control group(C group)was fed with common broken corn.Fasting weighing,body size measurement and blood collection were performed on the0,60,120 and 180 days of the experiment At d,fasting blood was collected for rumen fluid(0 h),and at 1 h,3 h,5 h,7 h and 9 h after feeding on day 180,blood was collected for rumen fluid.After centrifugation,serum was collected for-20 freezing,and rumen fluid was filtered by medical gauze and put into cryo-storage tube for liquid nitrogen for testing.Effects on production performance and slaughter performance: the body weight of experimental group at 60 and 180 days was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05);The daily gain of experimental group 0-60 d,120-180 d,0-180 d was significantly higher than that of control group(P < 0.05);The eye muscle area of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).Effects on serum biochemical indices: TP in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group on day 60 and 120(P<0.05);TG in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group at 120 d and180 d(P < 0.05);DG in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group on day 60,120 and 180(P < 0.05).TP in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group at 0 h,5 h and 9 h(P<0.01);TC in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group at 0 h,1 h and9 h(P<0.05);TG in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group at 0 h,1 h,5 h,7 h and 9 h(P < 0.05);DG in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group at 0 h,1 h,5 h and 9 h(P<0.05);PA in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group at 1 h,7 h and9 h(P<0.01);GH in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group on day 60,120 and 180(P<0.05);GH in test group was significantly higher than that in control group at 0 h,7 h and 9 h.Effects on rumen microbial fermentation: At 0 h,1 h,3 h,5 h,7 h and 9 h,the contents of NH4+-N and MCP in experimental group were significantly higher than those in control group(P < 0.01);At the 3rd h,the p H value and propionic acid of experimental group were significantly lower than those of control group(P < 0.01),while The contents of acetic acid and ethyl + propyl + butyric acid were significantly higher than those of control group(P < 0.05).The abundance of Spirochaetota in rumen fluid of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group(P < 0.01).The abundance of Spirochaetota in rumen fluid of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group(P < 0.01).The abundance of Actinobacteriota in rumen fluid of experimental group was significantly lower than that of experimental group(P < 0.01),and the abundance of Firmicutes,Desulfobacterota and Verrucomicrobiota was significantly lower than that of control group(P < 0.05).The abundance of Rikenellaceae＿RC9＿gut＿group and Prevotellaceae＿UCG-003 in rumen fluid of experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group(P < 0.05),and the abundance of Christensenellaceae＿R-7＿group,Lachnospiraceae＿XPB1014＿group and Lachnospiraceae＿NK3A20＿group in rumen of experimental group was significantly lower than that of RBC group(P < 0.05).In conclusion,feeding steam-pressure corn can significantly improve the performance and slaughter performance of Xinjiang brown bulls,as well as the concentrations of nutrients,GH,IGF-2 and other hormones in serum,and promote the synthesis of microbial proteins and volatile fatty acids in rumen as well as the abundance of related bacteria.