Gene Regulatory Network Analysis For Trap Formation Of Arthrobotrys Oligospora

The economic losses of crops infected and parasitized by nematodes are huge all over the world every year.The traditional physical and chemical methods to control nematodes have many limitations.With the rapid rise and development of biological research,the biological control of nematodes has gradually become possible,among which nematicidal fungi have become one of the most potential biocontrol agents.Nematode-trapping fungi is a kind of important nematode killing fungi.Through nematode induction or under special environment,they can change from saprophytic to parasitic,and generate various predatory organs,such as three-dimensional bacterial net,contractile ring and viscous branches,to prey on nematodes,so as to achieve the purpose of controlling nematodes.Using RNA-seq technology and starting with the analysis of transcriptome data at continuous time points,this paper systematically studies the gene regulation of nematode predator fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora in the process of forming three-dimensional bacterial network induced by nematodes from the network level,and identifies the key genes and regulation modules that may play an important role in the formation of three-dimensional bacterial network.It provides a theoretical basis for the biological control of nematodes.In this paper,RNA sequencing and significant differential expression analysis were carried out at ten time points during the formation of three-dimensional bacterial network induced by Arthrobotrys oligospora.It was found that in the early stage of nematode induction,there were more significant down-regulation and less up-regulation based on the expression level.Functional annotation and enrichment analysis found that the expression level of coding genes related to hydrolase activity and oxidoreductase activity was significantly up-regulated,indicating that the transformation from saprophytic to parasitic lifestyle may require material and energy exchange and strengthen metabolism.Gene regulatory network analysis showed that the expression of some hub genes were significantly up-regulated at this stage.In the middle and late stage of induction,that is,the formation of a complete three-dimensional bacterial net,the gene expression level is significantly up-regulated and down-regulated.It seems that a variety of enzymes,proteins and energy may be required to form a trap at this stage.At this stage,the community modules involved account for more than 2 / 3 of the total community modules.Most communities were related to redox reaction,transmembrane transport,secondary metabolism,catalytic activity and genetic information process.At the same time,many hub genes were identified at this stage.Their functions include cell viscosity,WSC protein domain,serine protease activity,peroxisome and so on,indicating that viscous polymers are closely related to the formation of three-dimensional bacterial network.At the same time,the expression levels of genes related to chitinase,lectin family members,ankyrin repeat protein and MAPK signal pathway were significantly up-regulated,indicating that the functions of perception,recognition and signal transduction of Arthrobotrys oligospora to nematodes were activated during the induction of three-dimensional bacterial network.The transcriptome analysis and gene regulation network study of Arthrobotrys oligospora from three-dimensional bacterial network induced by nematode revealed the biological transformation process in the early stage of induction,and identified a number of important functional and regulatory genes,which provided a basis for the study of the molecular mechanism of Arthrobotrys oligospora transformation from spore life cycle.It provides a theoretical basis for the biological control of Nematode-trapping fungi.