Species Diversity And Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis Of Boletes In Changbai Mountains Area

Boletes belong to Basidiomycota,Agaricomycetes,Boletales.The boletes may be considered one of the most fascinating component of the astounding biodiversity of macrofungi.The macrofungi resources have been investigated in Changbai Mountains areas for many years.However,it will be not clear that the species diversity of the boletes in Changbai Mountains areas.The species resources of the boletes in Changbai Mountains were investigated systematically in 2021.The factors of the boletes species occurred was analyzed the correlations with altitude habitat factors.Their genetic relationship were discussed with molecular phylogenetic analysis.The results were received about the species diversity and phylogenetic relationships of the boletes in Changbai Mountains areas.The detailed results are as follows:(1)A total of 189 samples were collected from 20 locations in Changbai Mountains areas including Baishan area,Tonghua area,Yanbian area and Jilin area.Twenty-three species of ten genera,four families were identified from 189 specimens.Ten species belong to 6 genera of Boletaceae;twelve species were in two genera of Suillsceae;one species of one genus belongs to Gomphidiaceae;one species of one genus was in Sclerodermatace.Tylopilus Porphyrosporus was found a new recorded species from China.Leccinum versipelle was found a new recorded species from Jilin province.(2)Twenty-three species belonging to 11 genera,4 families of Boletales were identified in this study,including 6 genera of Boletaceae and 11 species of Suillus.Boletaceae was the dominant family,and Suillus was the dominant genus,and S.grevillei were the dominant species in Changbai Mountain s areas.Twenty-three species belonging to 11 genera of 4 families were collected totally in Yanbian area.Eighteen species belonging to 8 genera of 4 families were identified in Baishan area.Two species of two genera in one family and three species of two genera in one family were found respectively in Jilin region and in Tonghua area.(3)The species and amount of boletes were closely related to different forest types.17 species of boletes occurred in coniferous forest,and 11 species occurred in broadleaf forest,and 11 species occurred in coniferous and broadleaf mixed forest.Most abundant species were found in coniferous forest.There were 6 species of boletes occurred in all three forest types.Four species of the boletes were unique to coniferous forest,and no endemic species occurred in the other two forest types.(4)The altitude was divided into four ranges.Three species of the boletes were collected in the altitude range of 50-200 m,and seven species in that of 200-500 m,and23 species in that of 500-800 m,and eight species in that of 800-1000 m.Among them,the number of species and the amount of fruit bodies of the boletus were the most abundant in range of 500-800 m,and S.grevillei was the most widely distributed in the altitude range.In acidic,alkaline and neutral soil,there were 21 species,17 species and 19 species of boletes respectively.Leccinellum albellum and T.felleus are endemic species in acidic soils.No endemic species were found in the other two soil types.In this study,122 ITS sequences and 102 LSU sequences were amplified from the boletes in Changbai Mountains areas.Phylogenetic trees were generated by ITS and LSU datasets based the above sequence obtained and the related species sequences downloaded from Genebank.The topological structures of phylogenetic trees of the two genes were similar.Phylogenetic analysis showed that the collected species of Boletaceae was one cluster and that of Suillsceae was other branch.Psiloboletinus was inserted among the species of Suillus,and they were the sister lineage.Psiloboletinus was separated from Suillus based on the phylogenetic tree generated by ITS-LSU datasets.It supported that Psiloboletinus was an independent genus.