Studies On The Selection And Production Technologies In Varieties Of Pholiota Adiposa

Pholiota adiposa is slimy and refreshing with distinctive taste,and rich in nutrients elements and a variety of healthy and medical ingredients,is a rare edible medicinal fungi with the same function as medicinal food.In this experiment,Pholiota adiposa strains were collected from different regions for variety identification to exclude strains with the same substance and different names.With the combination of mycelia growth rate,fruiting body yield and nutritional quality,the cultivation comparison tests were carried out on various Pholiota adiposa varieties to select the best varieties for promotion.In addition,based on the existing research,the cultivation material formula and liquid strain formula which are suitable for Pholiota adiposa are further screened to improve the yield and quality of Pholiota adiposa cultivation and reduce the cultivation cost,in order to provide theoretical basis for further promotion of Pholiota adiposa.The main experimental results are as follows:1.Antagonistic test and ISSR molecular marker were used to identify the genetic relationship of 15 Pholiota adiposa strains from different regions.Antagonistic test showed that there was no antagonistic reaction between P1 and P7,no antagonistic reaction between P12,P13 and P14,no antagonistic reaction between P4 and P6,and no antagonistic reaction between P6 and P11.P4 and P11 have antagonistic reactions,although it was not obvious.ISSR molecular marker test showed that when the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.78,the tested strains were clustered into 10 groups,among which,P1 and P7 were one class,P4,P6 and P11 were one class,P12,P13 and P14 were one class,and the remaining strains were one class respectively,which was similar to antagonistic test results.Among them,P12,P13 and P14 are closely related and belong to the same strain.2.Two varieties with high biological efficiency and one variety with high crude polysaccharide content were selected from the 15 varieties.The two strains P10 and P15 performed well in terms of growth cycle,total yield and fruiting body morphology,and the difference was not obvious.P15 has the highest content of crude fiber,crude protein and crude ash,but the crude polysaccharide content is slightly lower,the comprehensive nutritional quality is the better.The various nutritional qualities of P10 are all medium and high,with good comprehensive traits.P2 strain only produced Pholiota adiposa for one time,but its crude polysaccharide content was the highest,up to 7.777g/100g,which was significantly higher than that of other Pholiota adiposa varieties and general edible fungi(4g/100g).3.In the screening test of Pholiota adiposa cultivation material formula,the mycelia in the formula based on sawdust grew the fastest.In addition,in the cultivation material formula based on wood chips,the increase of bran content is conducive to the increase of the growth rate of Pholiota adiposa mycelia.The biological efficiency of the formula of cottonseed hull and corncob composite main ingredient is up to 79.98%.The single mushroom has moderate weight,large cap,short and thin stems,good agronomic characters,and the highest content of crude polysaccharide and crude fat,moderate content of crude fiber,crude protein and crude ash,which has the best comprehensive nutritional quality.4.According to the superior carbon and nitrogen source of the liquid medium that has been screened by the predecessors,the liquid medium formula of the Pholiota adiposa was optimized through the gradient test of different addition amounts of cotton seed husk,sawdust and corn flour.The results showed that on the 8th day of culture,the mycelial pellets volume is higher,the mycelia dry weight and the mycelia vitality were better,which were the optimal fermentation endpoint.On the basal medium potato 10%,glucose 2%,peptone 0.2%,bran 3%,KH2PO4 0.15%,MgSO4 0.05%,VB1 0.002%,formula 3 adds 15%cottonseed hulls and the mycelial pellets volume is higher.The diameter of the mycelial pellets is medium,the mycelia dry weight and the mycelia vitality were better than average.In formula 9,the volume and dry weight of mycelia were optimized after being added 4%corn flour,the diameter of the mycelial pellets is smallest.These two formulas with better comprehensive properties can be selected according to actual needs.