Research On Bus Operation Control Strategies Accounting For Collaborations Among Passengers,Buses And Stops

Nowadays,the lack of coordination between passenger travel demand and bus departure frequency,as well as the lack of coordination between the number of simultaneous bus arrivals and the number of berths at the station,can easily induce bus bunching and bus overflow.The bus bunching is mainly caused by the unstable headway of buses,which leads to longer bus service times at stops and further delays at the next stop,reducing the reliability of bus operations;bus overflow refers to the phenomenon of buses queuing at the entrance of the station,where bus berths cannot accommodate the number of buses arriving,which greatly limits the service efficiency of the bus stop and increases passengers’ waiting time at stops.This limits the efficiency of bus stops and increases the waiting time for passengers.The thesis focuses on the "control strategy of bus operation considering the coordination of people and stations",and carries out the field collection of bus operation data and fragment screening,the analysis of passenger arrival and bus operation characteristics,the design of overflow stop mitigation strategy based on vehicle speed guidance,and the combined stop Design of bus stringing mitigation strategies for control and frequency regulation.The paper research has important guiding significance for improving the reliability of bus services,reducing the energy consumption of bus operations,and improving the service efficiency of bus stations.The main works of this paper are listed as follows:Firstly,for the problems of bus overflow and bus bunching,the study is based on the bus in and out of the station operation process and bus service time at the station.Data research and collection in Zhengzhou city area,a large number of experimental videos were obtained,and based on video features,intersection driving and driving characteristics and driver behavior features,the bus in and out of the station behavior,following,changing lanes,pressing the line,turning and driving and other scene segments were screened,and 24 sets of data of bus oneway operation lines were obtained.The actual arrival time of 156 passengers was manually investigated to extract the distribution of passengers’ arrival time;finally,the distribution characteristics of bus in-stop time,in-transit time and bus operation cycle were analyzed,and the analysis results showed that the bus in-stop service time was differentiated at each station,and the bus in-transit time was unstable due to road restrictions and berth management,which led to a large fluctuation of the average bus operation speed and reduced The system operation efficiency of public transportation is reduced.Secondly,a bus entry and exit model is studied to reveal the causes of bus overflow,and a speed guidance strategy is designed to mitigate overflow under the bus signal priority policy.The studied bus entry and exit model integrates vehicle in-transit movement,bus deceleration into the station,in-station service,and acceleration out of the station modules to provide a direct interface for speed guidance strategies oriented to overflow mitigation.The constraint relationship between the bus signal priority time and the expected arrival time of the bus queue at the intersection,as well as the constraint relationship between the expected arrival time of the bus queue at the downstream station and the departure time of the downstream queue are established,and the speed guidance strategy for overflow station mitigation is designed with the objective of minimizing the amount of speed regulation.The simulation results show that:compared with the number of parking outside the bus stop before optimization,the probability of zero parking outside the bus stop after optimization increases by 30.5%;the utilization rate of bus berths increases by 16.25% compared with before optimization.Thirdly,the bus motion model is improved by fine-grained modeling of passenger arrival and boarding processes,and a bus crosstalk mitigation strategy is designed by combining standstill control and departure frequency adjustment.The improved bus motion model takes into account the coupling relationship between passenger boarding and alighting,passenger arrival time and bus stopping time,solves the problem that the "Wu-Liu-Jin" model does not take into account the number of passengers arriving at the bus stop,and improves the accuracy of the bus motion model.Taking into account the unbalanced distribution of bus spacing and the mismatch between passenger demand and bus supply,a bunching mitigation strategy combining standstill control and departure frequency is designed.The simulation results show that the variation coefficient of headway of buses under no control is between 0 and 0.75,and most of the buses are in the state of passing trains;the variation coefficient of headway of buses under stop control and combined regulation is 0.53～0.74 respectively Between 0 and 0.21,the headway of the bus is fine-tuned,and the phenomenon of stringing cars is alleviated,which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.Finally,through case studies,a comprehensive virtual simulation platform for bus operation status is designed based on Python and SUMO.Based on actual research data,the arrival times of buses and the number of passengers allocated to common bus stops are obtained,and the ridership choices of passengers at bus stops under different flows are analyzed using the measured data.Simulation verification of the selection methods and improved regulation measures designed by the proposed regulation means shows that the bus operation trajectories intersect under high passenger flows and that the proposed combined regulation strategy can equalize the bus headway at the co-located stops and improve the reliability of bus operation.