Investigation And Application Of Medicinal Plants In Gardens And Greenbelts Of Nanchang City

With the booming development of the concept of health care and forest recreation,TCM health care has started to enter the public’s view.Under the influence of China’s TCM culture,people pay more and more attention to the health care value of medicinal plants.Medicinal plants contain special chemical components and active ingredients,which have preventive,therapeutic and health care pharmacological effects.Nanchang,which has a high ornamental value for gardens as well as health care functions,is rich in medicinal plant resources.At present,there are few landscape forms with medicinal plants as ornamental themes in Nanchang,and the specific application of medicinal plants in gardens is less studied.Based on this,this study takes the medicinal plant communities in five different green space types in Nanchang as the research object,screens the list of common medicinal plants in the garden green space,and further compares and analyzes the differences of medicinal plant communities in different green space types.The main research results are as follows:(1)There are 354 species of medicinal plants in a total of 102 families and 282genera in Nanchang,with Asteraceae,Rosaceae,Leguminosae and Gramineae as the main families.The distribution of species and life type of each family and genus is uneven,with234 genera and 234 species of medicinal herbs as single species within the genus;invasive medicinal plants are mainly invasive herbs,with 34 species,and protected and endangered medicinal plants are mainly trees;medicinal plants in Nanchang are mainly native species,with the highest number of native herb species,112 species,and only 6 species of vines.(2)The results of medicinal characteristics of medicinal plants in Nanchang show that the medicinal parts of medicinal plants in Nanchang are diverse and their medicinal effects are diversified.The number of species with whole herbs as medicinal parts is the largest,followed by roots and leaves,accounting for 41.8%,30.79%and 22.88%of the total respectively.The number of species of medicinal plants with flat nature is the most,totaling 130 species,and the medicinal taste is mainly bitter and sweet medicinal plants,totaling 189 species and 122 species respectively.The efficacy types of medicinal plants in Nanchang are diversified,with heat-clearing medicinal plants dominating,accounting for67.23%of the total.This is followed by blood-activating,hemostatic,phlegm-suppressing and cough-suppressing medicinal plants.(3)The results of the survey of 93 medicinal plant communities in five types of green spaces in Nanchang are as follows:1.Quantitative characteristics(number,frequency,importance value)of medicinal plant communities:the total number of medicinal woody plants in Nanchang is 8317,with the largest number of 701 plants applied in the park green space;the importance values of plants in the tree layer,shrub layer and herb layer of medicinal plant communities are widely different,and the dominant species in each layer are obvious;the dominant species in the tree layer are balsam fir,osmanthus and camellia;the shrub layer are redbud,red-leaved heather.The dominant species in the tree layer are balsam fir,cinnamon and camellia;in the shrub layer are redbud,heather and rhododendron;in the herb layer are dog’s tooth root,grass and matang.2.Structural characteristics of medicinal plant community(vertical structure,horizontal structure,diversity index):the application pattern of community structure is dominated by tree-shrub-grass,accounting for 53.76%of the total;the number of low trees≤5m is the highest in the height level of tree layer,followed by 5-10m,with 1566 and744 respectively;the density value of each level of community is ranked by herbaceous density.The density values of each level are herb density>shrub density>tree density,which are 9.97 plants/100m~2,16.32 plants/100 m~2and 52.49 m~2/100 m~2respectively;the evergreen deciduous ratio in the community structure is 1.25:1;the number of species with0-20cm is the largest in the diameter level of tree layer,with 1126 plants.3.In terms of species diversity indices(species richness,diversity index,evenness index,and K-value)of medicinal plant communities,the three indices of richness index S,Gleason index t,and Margalef index R of the five greenland types of medicinal plant communities were all ranked as herb layer>tree layer>shrub layer;the three indices of richness index S,Gleason index t,and Margalef.The three indices of richness index S,Gleason index t,and Margalef index R show that the species richness of medicinal plants in park green space is the best,followed by farm green space;the diversity index Simpson index D and Shannon-wiener index H have the highest species diversity index in campus green space and farm green space;the uniformity index Pielou index Jsw has the highest species uniformity index in campus green space,followed by park green space;in terms of the total community K values,the species richness index,diversity index and evenness index of different green space types of medicinal plant community structure were the best in campus green space and the worst in hospital green space.