| China has been implementing the policy of "exchanging market for technology" for a long time in the development of auto manufacturing industry,and the entry of foreign enterprises has brought a large amount of capital and technology,which has played a positive role in the development of China’s auto manufacturing industry.However,at present,China’s auto manufacturing industry still faces the dilemma of “big but weak”,and there are problems such as low investment in research and development,low added value of export products,low overall export competitiveness,and lack of core competitive advantages of local enterprises.Only by specifically analyzing the mechanism of FDI affecting the technical complexity of automobile manufacturing exports and testing it through empirical evidence can we comprehensively evaluate the role of FDI and provide guidance suggestions with realistic significance for the future development direction of the industry.This paper firstly composes the theories related to FDI and export technical complexity,and in the literature review section,it explains the definition of concepts related to export technical complexity,the influence of FDI on export technical complexity,and the related research of scholars in the field of automobile manufacturing industry.Secondly,the FDI and export situation of China’s auto manufacturing industry is elaborated,according to which the technical complexity of China’s auto manufacturing export is further measured from both international and domestic perspectives,and the technical complexity of China’s auto manufacturing export is compared in depth with that of 29 provinces,cities and autonomous regions in China while the international comparison of the technical complexity of China’s auto manufacturing export is made,and the results show that internationally,the export technical complexity of China’s automobile manufacturing industry has been able to gradually meet the technological preferences of developed economies,although there is still a large gap compared with developed countries in the automobile industry,and domestically,the export technology complexity of China’s provinces,cities and autonomous regions of the automobile manufacturing industry has been steadily improving on the whole,and the catch-up effect has become more and more obvious in recent years.Thirdly,the influence mechanism of FDI inflow on the technical complexity of China’s auto manufacturing exports is analyzed from a theoretical perspective to provide theoretical support for the subsequent empirical analysis and to put forward research hypotheses.Finally,this paper uses the panel data of 29 provincial-level auto manufacturing industries except Tibet and Inner Mongolia from 2005 to 2020 to study in depth the impact of FDI on the export technical complexity of China’s auto manufacturing industry,and conducts empirical analysis from two perspectives: the overall sample and the sub-regional sample.From the empirical results of the overall sample,FDI has a significant effect on the technical complexity of China’s auto manufacturing exports,which means that the positive effect of FDI on the technical complexity of China’s auto manufacturing exports is considered to be greater than the negative effect.From the empirical results of sub-regional samples,FDI has the most significant effect on the export technical complexity of China’s automobile manufacturing industry in the eastern region,the second most significant effect on the export technical complexity of automobile manufacturing industry in the central region,and the smallest effect on the export technical complexity of automobile manufacturing industry in the western region.And based on the horizontal mechanism of the effect of FDI on the technical complexity of automobile manufacturing exports,the intermediary effect test was conducted,and the degree of market competition and the stock of human capital as the intermediary effect affect the technical spillover of FDI.The conclusions based on the full study are as follows.Although the scale of foreign direct investment in China has been increasing in recent years,there is relatively little cooperation between local and foreign enterprises in China,and there is a trend of "sole proprietorship".The export structure of automobile manufacturing industry is unreasonable,the overall technical content is low and the competitiveness is insufficient.The technical complexity of China’s automobile manufacturing exports is relatively low among the selected sample countries,but with the developed economies’ preference for higher technical complexity of China’s auto products,the technical complexity of China’s auto manufacturing exports can be effectively boosted to a certain extent.Expanding the inflow of FDI can help improve the technical complexity of China’s auto manufacturing exports.Therefore,in the fierce international competition,China’s auto manufacturing industry should learn from the development experience of other countries,make effective use of foreign investment,and strengthen inter-industry ties to promote a virtuous cycle within the industry.The government should establish a good and fair market competition environment internally,encourage enterprises to expand R&D investment and improve human capital level,and determine reasonable FDI attraction direction based on regional heterogeneity,to effectively improve the core competitiveness of China’s auto manufacturing industry. |
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