Research On Large Truck Reversing Assistance And Operation Specification In An Open-pit Mine Dump

Reversing operation of large trucks in dump is related to safety and efficiency of open-pit mine.As the height and width of the truck are too large,the rear blind area is large,which brings safety hazards to the reversing operation.In the field operation,the truck driver’s reversing operation also has certain arbitrariness.In order to assist and standardize the driver’s reverse behavior and improve the safety and efficiency of dumping operation,this paper tries to carry out the reverse auxiliary design and put forward the reverse operation specification.The main work of this paper is as follows:(1)Put forward the reversing auxiliary design scheme and structure composition.Based on the user task model,this paper confirmed the user task by observing the field operation situation and investigating the safety accident case,summarize the user demand by card method,and propose the design scheme.The factors affecting the auxiliary design of large trucks in open-pit mines are summarized from the aspects of user,task and environment,the transformation of operation mode of operators is analyzed,and the structural composition of auxiliary design of large trucks in open-pit mines is proposed.(2)Auxiliary design of truck reversing based on ergonomics theory.According to the composition of the reversing auxiliary structure constructed above,ultrasonic radar is selected as the distance detection sensor,camera as the sensor to obtain image information,Angle sensor to obtain the vehicle steering Angle,and the overall layout of the interface is analyzed and designed.Through Unity3 D software,combining sound,image,distance,Angle and other information,ergonomics theory is used to design each module.Reversing animation is designed on the interface to obtain ultrasonic distance information for moving.The auxiliary line is superimposed on the image,the grade and color of the auxiliary line are designed in detail,and the sound alarm is added,etc.(3)Design reversing operation specifications based on the minimum turning radius of trucks and field operation requirements.Describe the reverse trajectory of a truck based on the minimum turning radius of the truck.A variety of reverse models are established,and the characteristics of the reverse trajectory under each reverse model are analyzed,so that the operators can reasonably choose the reverse mode according to its characteristics.The operation process is analyzed in combination with the on-site safety regulations and operation process,and the operation process is realized through the reversing auxiliary design.The operation specification contains the detailed precautions and specific operations in the operation process.(4)Use AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the ergonomics of the design scheme and operation specification.Based on HEL model,the ergonomic concept model of this paper is established,and the evaluation hierarchy is established.AHP is used to calculate the weight of ergonomic influence factor.The influence factor weight obtained by AHP is used to carry out fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the scheme,and the evaluation results are analyzed.Finally,according to the comprehensive evaluation opinions,the scheme is rectified.In this paper,a variety of sensors are used to obtain information to carry out the reverse auxiliary design,the reverse trajectory is analyzed to carry out the operation specification design,and the ergonomics evaluation and scheme optimization are carried out.The proposed design has certain application value and innovation.It can effectively solve the problems of safety hazard and irregular reversing behavior of large trucks in open-pit dump.