Preparation Of Porous Polystyrene And Study On Oil Adsorption Properties

Porous polymer materials have excellent performance,high porosity,large specific surface area and other advantages,and have a wide range of applications in adsorption and separation technology.Based on polystyrene,porous polymers were prepared by high internal phase emulsion(HIPEs)method and their adsorption properties were studied.The main works of this thesis are as follows:(1)The bottom-up and top-down parallel scheme is presented as a new method to improve the stability of HIPEs to obtain polystyrene monolithic structures with interconnected porous structures.The interfacial polymerization mechanism is adopted to improve the stability of HIPEs,and toluene molecules are introduced to construct interconnected porous structures in polystyrene foam.Importantly,liquid template molecules can be removed from the polymer framework only by ethanol washing.The obtained polystyrene material has the characteristics of high porosity,low density,good thermal stability,good oil affinity and hydrophobicity,and good oil removal performance.The adsorption capacity of eight representative target oils/organic solvents is between 61.6 and 152.9 g/g.After adsorption saturation,the grease in the polystyrene foam is recovered and the polystyrene block is regenerated by centrifugation.After 10 times of use,the oil absorption ability did not decrease obviously,indicating that the foam has good reuse performance.(2)By introducing PDMS into St based on HIPEs technology,the super-hydrophobic polystyrene sponge with multi-pore structure can be prepared economically and simply.Using the mechanism of free radical polymerization,the introduction of PDMS in the polymerization process to construct a multi-pore structure,which is beneficial to improve the hydrophobicity of polystyrene foam material.The addition of PDMS with low surface energy directly leads to the improvement of hydrophobicity of the material.The porous structure of PDMS-PS sponge can be controlled by adjusting the molecular weight and dosage of PDMS prepolymer.The adsorption capacity of polystyrene sponge material to typical oil pollutants is 55.6～119.5 g/g.In addition,the low surface energy and the constructed multi-layer pore structure make PDMS-PS foam super hydrophobic and super hydrophilic,with WCA over 150° and oil contact Angle close to 0°.