Study On The Connection Mechanism Between Emission Right Trading System And Emission Permit System In China

The construction of ecological civilization and the goal of a beautiful China have put forward higher requirements for environmental protection.The integration of fragmented environmental legal systems into an environmental legal system is a significant sign of the modernization of environmental governance capabilities.In recent years,the status of the emission permit system has risen sharply and has entered a stage of standardized development.As the core of the fixed-source environmental management system,emission permit system undertakes the important task of "one-license access" for the whole life cycle management of pollutant discharge units,and faces many challenges in connecting various environmental legal systems.As a market-oriented economic incentive,emission right trading system can promote spontaneous pollution control of pollutant discharging units,and help achieve environmental management goals at a lower cost.The connection between emission permit system and emission right trading system can not only form a governance synergy,but also an urgent need for systematization of environmental legal system.Emission right trading system is an economic incentive system that uses market mechanism to allocate emission quota of key pollutants,while emission permit system is a command and control system that implements comprehensive supervision on the discharge behavior of fixed pollution sources through administrative permission.Emission permit system provides operation basis for emission right trading system in terms of emission supervision and data accounting,and emission right trading system provides external impetus for efficient management and promotion of emission reduction of emission permit system.The connection of two systems is not only an objective requirement for the systematization of environmental system,but also a need for the sound functioning of system itself.The two systems have the same value orientation of justice,order,and efficiency.The complementarity of rigid and flexible functions provides feasibility for the connection,and market-oriented national strategy for environmental governance has created a good atmosphere.Following problems exist in the connection between two systems currently:First,the emission right trading system is stagnant at the local legislative level,and a complete institutional system has not been formed,so it is difficult to connect with the standardized emission permit system.Second,due to the lack of technical specifications for emission data accounting,emission permit system cannot provide a real and effective emission data system,which in turn affects the fair operation of emission right trading system.Third,the supervision power of municipal-level ecological environment department is easily constrained by local government,which makes it difficult to ensure the fairness of results of emission right trading,and thus makes it difficult to achieve the goal of total emission control and reduction.The monopolistic supervision mode of emission right trading market implemented by ecological environment department lack professionalism.Fourth,emission permits as a right confirmation tool for emission right trading,are only allowed to be held by emission units,which restricts emission right trading participants.It is difficult to stimulate the effectiveness of market mechanism,and it is also difficult to protect the property interests of multiple participants in trading.In response to the problems obtained from above analysis,following countermeasures are proposed:First,improve the legal supply of emission right trading system,build a complete emission trading system,and upgrade the legal status of emission right trading system to create space for the connection of two systems.Second,to unify the technical specifications of emission data accounting,at the current stage,it is necessary to unify the technical basis with the emission permit system as the core,and promote the implementation of "one set of data" management model.In the long run,it is necessary to gradually combine the requirements of environmental quality improvement with innovation of technical specifications to ensure that the goal of environmental quality improvement is achieved.Furthermore,to achieve rational allocation of the power of supervisory subject,vertically clarify the qualifications of the provincial-level ecological environment department as the subject of emission right trading supervision,and horizontally give market supervision department the power to supervise emission right trading market.Finally,clarify the access qualifications and powers of trading participants,optimize the emission permit system to meet the practical needs of multiple participants in emission right trading,and give environmental protection organizations purchasing qualifications in an orderly manner to activate the trading market activity and promote the reduction of pollutant emissions.Determine the ceding qualifications of reserve institutions and financial institutions to ensure that emissions trading is carried out in a more efficient and orderly manner.