The Evaluation Method And Application Of Regional Groundwater Governance Modernization

As a key field of national governance,water governance modernization is an important guarantee for the construction of a modernized country.Groundwater is an important part of water resources and plays an irreplaceable role in supporting regional economic and social development and maintaining a good ecological environment.However,due to the lack of understanding of groundwater and the imperfection of groundwater management and protection mechanism,serious problems such as overexploitation of groundwater,water pollution and water ecosystem degradation related to groundwater have been caused.In view of the severe situation of groundwater resources,China has strengthened groundwater governance and protection from the formulation of policies and regulations,system and mechanism construction,construction of engineering facilities and other aspects,and steadily promoted the modernization of groundwater governance.Therefore,it is of great significance to carry out research on the evaluation methods of groundwater governance modernization,scientifically evaluate the level of groundwater governance modernization,analyze the weak links of groundwater governance modernization,and provide references for formulating and improving groundwater governance and protection policies and measures,which are of great significance for the sustainable utilization of groundwater resources.Guided by the theory of national governance modernization,this paper studies and puts forward the evaluation method of groundwater governance modernization,and applies it in Hebei Province.The main research contents and results are as follows.(1)Drawing on the theoretical achievements of modernization,water conservancy modernization,and national governance modernization,the concept of groundwater governance modernization is defined from the perspective of governance system and governance capacity.The construction framework for groundwater governance modernization is put forward,including a main goal line,two construction cores,three main characteristics,four basic principles,five measurement standards,and six key contents.(2)Based on the groundwater governance modernization construction framework and following the principle of evaluation index selection,the groundwater governance modernization evaluation index system is constructed,including the target layer(groundwater governance modernization level)and the criterion layer(groundwater governance system modernization and groundwater governance capacity modernization),the first index layer(governance concept,governance system,governance subject,rigid constraint ability,supervision and management ability,and ecological restoration ability)and the second index layer(30 specific evaluation indicators).By introducing cloud model theory,the evaluation model of groundwater governance modernization is established and the evaluation method of groundwater governance modernization is put forward.The groundwater governance modernization evaluation system based on B/S framework was developed,which integrates the functions of data collection and management,modernization level evaluation,result analysis and display.(3)Extensive collection of information on groundwater policies and regulations,management systems,and overexploitation control in Hebei Province,summarizing and analyzing the progress and existing problems of groundwater governance.Based on the actual situation of Hebei Province,the evaluation index system of groundwater governance modernization in Hebei Province was constructed.By the established groundwater governance modernization evaluation method and system,the modernization level of groundwater governance in Hebei Province and various cities was evaluated.Based on the coupling coordination degree model,the coupling coordination relationship between the modernization of groundwater governance system and the modernization of groundwater governance capacity was analyzed.The results show that under the current conditions(by 2020),the overall level of groundwater governance modernization in Hebei province has preliminarily reached basic modernization.The modernization level of groundwater governance is different among different cities in Hebei Province.Shijiazhuang,Cangzhou,Baoding have a high level of groundwater management modernization,which has preliminarily reached the basic modernization level,while other cities have reached the middle level of modernization,showing a spatial distribution of high in the south and low in the north.The coupling degree and coordinated development degree of groundwater governance system modernization and groundwater governance capacity modernization are generally high in hebei province.(4)The countermeasures for improving the modernization level of groundwater governance in Hebei Province are put forward,mainly including improving the legal system of groundwater governance,improving the groundwater governance system and mechanism,guiding social capital to participate in governance,increasing public participation in water wading,strict water conservation and groundwater dual control management,improve the network of groundwater monitoring stations,optimize the measurement of groundwater intake,and carry out ecological water replenishment in rivers and lakes.