Study On The Tombs Of The Late-shang In The Surrounding Area Of YinXu

The Late-Shang tombs around the Yin Xu refer to the tombs with Shang culture as the main cultural feature distributed around the Yin Ruins during the Yin Xu cultural period.The analysis of the late Shang tombs around the Yin Ruins is helpful to study the cultural features of the Late-Shang tombs around the Yin Xu,and to further understand the political pattern,economic life and social features of the surrounding areas of the late Shang Dynasty.First of all,the Late-Shang tombs in the surrounding areas of Yin Xu were systematically sorted out,and the age,ethnic group and nature of the tombs were examined,the research object of the article was determined,and the shape and structure of the Late-Shang tombs in the area of Yin Xu,as well as the combination of burial objects were briefly combed.Then,according to the relevant excavation data,the paper analyzes the shape and structure of the tomb path,waist pit and direction of the Late-Shang tombs in the surrounding area of Yin Xu.Secondly,through the study of the classification and combination of the funerary objects unearthed from the Late-Shang tombs in the surrounding areas of Yin Xu,we can understand the differences of the social class,wealth resources and ideology of the tomb owners.The Late-Shang tombs in Shandong,South Henan and Shanxi are of high rank,and the tomb owners possess more wealth.The Late-Shang tombs in Hebei,North Henan and Shaanxi are of a lower level,and the civilian tombs are widely distributed around the Yin Xu.Sacrifice and war are the important contents of the social life of the aristocratic groups,while the main contents of the social life of the lower groups in the surrounding areas are to meet the needs of food.The life of the noble class in the Yin capital had a wide influence on the surrounding areas,and there was a strong sense ofidentity for the culture of Shang in the surrounding areas of the Yin Xu.In addition,the author puts forward his own views on the family cemetery of the Late-Shang tombs around the Yin Xu.Different regions have different levels of the family cemetery.The longer the regional distance between the family cemetery in the surrounding areas of Yin Xu and Yin Xu,the lower the level,but the higher the distance to the remote areas,showing the shape of "stars arch the moon".Even within the same family cemetery,the level of Late-Shang tombs is not uniform,there are both noble tombs and civilian tombs.Generally speaking,the level of the tomb area in the north is higher than that in the south.Finally,combining with archaeological data and related historical documents,this paper discusses the political pattern,social outlook and handicraft industry reflected in the late Shang tombs in the surrounding areas of Yin Xu.In the late Shang Dynasty,the influence of Shang Dynasty in the south of Henan,the north of Hebei and the Shanxi Shaanxi areas was obviously weakened,and Shandong and the north of Henan were still the areas under the strong control of Shang Dynasty.In the surrounding areas of Yin Ruins,there were different levels of Late-Shang tombs,and there was a large gap in social wealth,and the phenomenon of social stratification was obvious.A large number of bronzes,pottery and dog martyrs reflect the prosperous handicraft and animal husbandry in the surrounding areas of Yin Xu in the late Shang Dynasty.