The Study Of The Concept Of Loyalty And Filial Piety In Pre-Qin

The purpose of this article is to clarify the specific background of the generation,separation and combination of allegiance and filial piety by sorting out the views of the pre-Qin philosophers on allegiance and filial piety.At the same time,it focuses on the emergence of the "allegiance and filial piety as one" theory in the late Edo period in Japan and explores the reasons and significance of the close connection between the two ethics in the pre-Qin period.The first chapter mainly combs the academic research situation of the problem of allegiance and filial piety,analyzes several mainstream of the academic research on the problem of allegiance and filial piety,and then expounds the basic concept of the relationship between allegiance and filial piety explained in this article.The second chapter sorts out the historical origin of allegiance and filial piety in the Shang and Zhou dynasties,and discusses the view of "allegiance comes from filial piety".In Shang and Zhou societies where theocracy,clan power and political power are closely linked,the embryonic form of allegiance and filial piety are heterogeneous.However,with the gradual development of society,and the gradual dilution of theocracy and the dilution of political and blood ties,the connotations of allegiance and filial piety are gradually becoming independent.The third chapter expounds the discussion on the relationship between allegiance and filial piety by several thinkers of Confucius,Mo-tse,Mencius,Xunzi and Han Feizi during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods.In the Spring and Autumn Period,the concepts of allegiance and filial piety had just taken shape.In the discussion of Confucius and Mo-tse,the two concepts were still in their own theoretical state.However,in the Warring States Period,with the rapid changes in society,there appeared a comparative view of allegiance and filial piety,in which Mencius represented filial piety prior to allegiance while Xunzi and Han Feizi represented allegiance prior to filial piety.The fourth chapter expounds that when the philosophers made construction and created conflict as to the relationship between allegiance and filial piety,they were gradually forming a theory of "transforming filial piety into allegiance",which was followed by later generations.This theory bridged the theoretical distance between allegiance and filial piety,and linked them closely with concentric circle logic.However,there was a clear political demand behind their emergence and development.The fifth chapter makes research on the theory of "allegiance and filial piety as one" which has the same effect as "transforming filial piety into allegiance" from an extraterritorial perspective.Although Japan in the late Edo period has been influenced by Confucianism,the formation of the theory of "allegiance and filial piety as one" is indeed rooted in its sense of divine state and the particularity of the emperor’s identity.Although its final expression is somewhat similar to China’s "transforming filial piety into allegiance",the two are entirely different due to the differences in their social and political backgrounds."allegiance" and "filial piety" emerged one after another with the disintegration of the Shang and Zhou societies.Under the current situation of war-torn societies in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period,various discussions on the relationship between the two emerged.However,with the gradual strengthening of the trend of centralized rule,the two are more and more closely linked in theory.Compared with "allegiance and filial piety as one" theory in Japan’s Edo period,it is uncommonly seen that the theoretical distance between the two ethics is closely related to social and political needs.