Flowering And Seed Germination Characteristics Of Kochia Scoparia

Kochia scoparia is an annual herb of the genus Kochia Roth of the family Chenopodiaceae.One of the desert pasture species with certain nutritional value,in addition to the value of forage,Kochia has important value in consumption,medicinal,and ornamental,which can improve soil and help restore ecological construction.In this paper,K.scoparia of the southern margin of the Junggar Basin was used as the research material,and its flowering phenology,flowering characteristics,fruit development and seed germination characteristics were observed and studied,and its reproductive ecological adaptation significance was discussed.The results and conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)The Kochia scoparia is budded in late June,begins to bloom in early July,enters the flowering period in late August,and takes about 45 days into the flowering period.The flowering termination is at the end of August,later it enters the fruiting period.(2)The flowering order of the Kochia scoparia is from the lower part to the top.the flowering eriod of each spike lasts 30-50 d.The Kochia scoparia single flower lasts for 11-15 d;The single flowering stage is divided into female sub-phase and male sub-phase,female sub-phase 11～15d,male sub-phase 0.5 d.(3)Kochia scoparia fruit began to expand at the beginning of August,From August to October,the weight is increasing and the long width is growing,Fruit ripening by mid-October.(4)The optimal temperature for seeds germination is 20/30℃ and 25/35℃;The NaCl solution of less than 0.2mol·L-1 had no significant effect on seed germination,and the seed germination rate decreased significantly with the increase of NaCl concentration until it was 0;The germination recovery rate of the ungerminated seeds in NaCl solution after transfer to distilled water was up to 80%or more;The presence of winged perianths significantly reduced the germination rate of the seeds.Removing the winged perianths can significantly promote the germination of the seeds.It indicates that the winged perianths have an inhibitory effect on seed germination.Kochia scoparia has the flowering characteristics of female precocious,and fruit development types,wide germination temperature range,better salt tolerance,strong germination and recovery germination ability.These characteristics provide basic data for the determination of seed harvesting time and seedling care...