Genetic Diversity Analysis Of Eggplant Variety Resources In Guangdong Province

Eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)had a long history of cultivation.It was one of the main cultivated vegetables in China and had important economic value.Eggplant varieties were rich in resource types.The collection,identification and innovation of eggplant variety resources were important ways for eggplant genetic improvement.Guangdong was a big province of eggplant production and consumption.However,there were few reports on the research of eggplant varieties in Guangdong.In this experiment,60 eggplant varieties were collected from the Pearl River Delta of Guangdong province.The genetic diversity of eggplant varieties was investigated by investigating phenotypic traits and using SSR molecular markers.The main results were as follows:1.Sixty eggplant varieties were collected in the Pearl River Delta of Guangdong province,and the growth period of each variety was investigated.The results showed that the early flowering period of the eggplant varieties was No.3(Rose purple eggplant),No.18(Tianlong No.9),No.28(Liubao eggplant),No.53(Lvbao eggplant),and No.59(Purple red round eggplant),which showed an earlier maturity than other varieties.The interval days from the planting period to the first flower period of the eggplant varieties were 31～36d,from the first flower period to the paired flowers period of the eggplant varieties were 4～7d,from the fruit setting of the paired flowers to maturation were 20～28d,from the planting period to the full bearing period of the eggplant varieties were 66～70d,and the whole growth period were 110～113d.2.Twenty-nine phenotypic traits of eggplant were investigated,all of which could be classified into fruit-related traits,plant-related traits,leaf-related traits and flowerrelated traits.Through statistical analysis,the results showed that the variation of fruitrelated traits was the most abundant among eggplant varieties,with an average coefficient of variation of 32%,the average coefficient of variation of plant-related traits was 23%,and the average coefficient of variation of leaf-related traits and flowerrelated traits were 11% and 10%,respectively.In addition,the correlation analysis of various traits showed that there was a significant correlation between the plant stem color,leaf color,leaf vein color,flower color and fruit color of eggplant varieties.3.Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were carried out on 29 phenotypic traits of eggplant cultivar resources.The results showed that 29 traits could be simplified into 9 principal component factors according to principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate was 80.697%,which provided most variation information of eggplant traits.Based on the clustering analysis of Euclidean distance,60 eggplant varieties were divided into three groups,and this classification mostly depended on the average fruit weight,eggplant Varieties high degree of similarity in Guangdong Pearl River Delta region.4.From 200 pairs of SSR primers,28 pairs of polymorphic primers were selected and genetic diversity analysis was conducted on 60 samples of eggplant varieties.The population structure analysis showed that the optimal number of clusters for eggplant varieties was 2,among which the number of eggplants in one group reached up to91.7%,with a relatively simple genetic background,and the number of eggplant varieties in the other group accounted for 8.3%,with a relatively complex genetic background.The Neighbor joining(NJ)clusters of eggplant varieties which was carried out ware showed that 60 eggplant varieties were mainly divided into three major groups,namely one group containing 3 red-purple eggplant varieties and two mixed groups containing white and green eggplant varieties.SSR marker presence and character cluster Cluster morphological differences,the SSR markers most varieties based clustering source classification,the classification result is more accurate and efficient.