Analysis Of Genetic Diversity Of Picea Meyeri Population

Picea meyeri is an endemic tree species in my country and it is also a widely distributed species.It is widely distributed in Shanxi Province,Hebei Province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.The beautiful tree shape is now the most important tree species for afforestation and landscaping.It is one of the main tree species in the upper part of the high mountains in North China.It is suitable for afforestation tree species in the upper part of the high mountains in North China.It has important ecological and economic value.For a species,its ability to adapt to the environment is closely related to its genetic diversity.Therefore,combining the phenotypic diversity and DNA genetic diversity of Picea meyeri population can explore the adaptability of Picea meyeri population to the environment and the degree of intraspecific variation,which has important ecological significance in forest tree breeding.In this study,nine populations in the natural distribution area of Picea meyeri were selected,and the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of the nine populations of Picea meyeri were studied from the perspective of morphology and molecular markers.The results are as follows:(1)The conifers of the Wulingshan group are the widest and the longest.The needles of the Zhenglanqi group are shorter than other areas;the cones of the Wutaishan group are the best,and the Duolun group is the smallest,and the mechanical forest farm The population has the longest seed scale.The needle leaf length is significantly positively correlated with needle leaf width,cone length,cone diameter(P<0.01),and cone weight,and significantly negatively correlated with seed scale width(P<0.01);seed scale length and species the scale width was significantly positively correlated(P<0.01).The longer and wider the needles,the larger the cones,and the narrower the seed scales,the shorter the length.(2)The coefficient of variation of needle leaf length of each population is between11.30%-27.71%,and the coefficient of variation of needle leaf width is between20.20%-40.89%;the coefficient of variation of cone length of each population is between7.31%-17.49%,and the variation of cone diameter is between 7.31% and 17.49%.The coefficient is between 1.35%-25.75%,and the coefficient of variation of cone weight is between 13.65%-77.65%;the coefficient of variation of seed scale length of each population is between 0.91%-6.10%,and the coefficient of variation of seed scale width is between 0.82%-1.58 %;For cone and seed scale,the Pangquangou population has the largest coefficient of variation;for needle leaf,the Wulingshan population has the largest coefficient of variation.(3)The 9 groups were clustered according to the 7 morphological indicators measured by each group.There are two types of clusters,The Wuling Mountain group in Hebei is in one category,and the other 8 groups are clustered into one category.The morphological indicators of Picea meyeri grown in Wuling Mountain are very different from those of other groups,which leads to a separate category.The phenomenon.This phenomenon is related to the geographical location,environmental conditions,vegetation type,and soil composition of the group.(4)Select 9 pairs of primers for PCR amplification of DNA samples,and then use them for sequencing.Calculate genetic information by software POPGEN,based on cpDNA molecular markers(matk,trn S-trn G,ndhk-C): the average value of allele Na is1.30,the average value of effective allele Ne is 1.16,and the average value of Nei’s gene diversity index H is 0.06,The average PPL percentage of polymorphic sites is 28.76%;the genetic diversity of Picea meyeri in the Duolun population is the highest,while the genetic diversity of Picea meyeri in the Xiaowutaishan population is the lowest;based on nr DNA(Sb62,sel1390,xy1420,Sb29,EBS,M002)Molecular markers: the average value of allele Na is 1.66,the average value of effective allele Ne is 1.41,the average value of Nei’s gene diversity index H is 0.16,the average percentage of polymorphic sites PPL is 42.28%,The genetic diversity of Picea meyeri in the Zhenglanqi population is the highest,and the genetic diversity of Picea meyeri in the Wutaishan population is the lowest;AMOVA analysis shows that at the chloroplast level,1.033% of the total genetic variation comes from genetic variation between populations;at the nuclear gene level,the total genetic diversity is 20.98% of genetic variation comes from genetic variation between populations;based on cpDNA molecular markers,the gene flow Nm is 6.1726;based on nr DNA molecular markers,the gene flow Nm is 4.1195;in summary,the genetic diversity of the Picea meyeri population is relatively high.(5)The 9 populations had a total of 127 haplotypes at the chloroplast gene level and668 haplotypes at the nuclear gene level.Therefore,the Picea meyeri population had a high genetic diversity.(6)Based on cpDNA molecular markers: the genetic distance(D)between the Dashidong population and the Zhenglanqi population is the smallest(D=0.0008),and the genetic distance(D)between the Jixielinchang population and the Xiaowutaishan population is the largest(D=0.0160);based on nr DNA molecular markers: The genetic distance(D)between the Duolun population and the Pangquangou population is the largest(D=0.0406),and the genetic distance(D)between the Jixielinchang population and the Wulingshan population is the smallest(D=0.0067).Using NTSYS clustering software,based on the cpDNA molecular markers,the 9 groups of Picea meyeri were clustered:clustered into 4 categories: the Jixielinchang from Hebei is a group of its own,the Jiufeng Mountain population from Inner Mongolia and the Xiaowutai Mountain population from Shanxi are clustered together One type,the Duolun group from Inner Mongolia is its own type,and the other 5 groups are clustered into one type;9 groups of Picea meyeri are clustered based on nr DNA molecular markers: clustered into 4 types: the Duolun group from Inner Mongolia and the Zhenglanqi group are grouped together,the Wutaishan group from Shanxi are grouped together,and the Xiaowutaishan group from Shanxi are grouped together,and the other five groups are grouped together.