Plant Landscape Planning Of Urban Wetland Park Based On Species Diversity

Urban Wetland Park is an important resource in the city.With the acceleration of urbanization,the development of this resource has been placed in a more critical position.The research on biodiversity protection of urban wetland has always been a hot topic in academic circles,and the core of urban wetland is the protection of species diversity.The important development goal of Urban Wetland Park is to protect and improve the diversity of wetland species,so as to give full play to the ecological value,economic value and social value of wetland.The plant landscape planning of Urban Wetland Park Based on species diversity has certain reference value for the development and protection of Urban Wetland Park,and plays an active role in the realization of urban ecological balance and biodiversity.Through consulting a large number of literature,reading the works related to the research content,sorting out the relevant theoretical knowledge,and elaborating the theories of species diversity,wetland,plant landscape and so on.Summarize and summarize the relevant research results at home and abroad,draw on the successful experience in the research,and formulate research methods and technical routes.Taking the plant landscape planning of Longwo Lake Wetland Park in Wuhu City as a case study,and using the theoretical knowledge of species diversity as the guidance of plant landscape planning of Urban Wetland Park,the wetland ecological protection and restoration are put in the first place of plant landscape planning.The wetland environmental characteristics of Longwo Lake Wetland Park are very significant,including the two open water surfaces of inner and outer Longwo lake,and the river connecting the lake area,and finally connected with the Yangtze River;the surrounding farmland leads to the lake water to form a typical style of Jiangnan polder area;the forest land and residential buildings are built according to the polder,forming the most significant wetland environmental characteristics of Longwo Lake Wetland Park.In the practical research,the author has made many on-the-spot investigations,analyzed and studied the hydrological situation of Longwo Lake wetland,sorted out the information of animal and plant resources,combined with the overall planning of Wetland Park,and studied the research of plant landscape planning from three aspects of plant selection,plant community construction and plant habitat optimization.The author believes that scientific and reasonable plant landscape planning can build a good habitat and make up for the shortage of the original habitat.On the basis of improving the level of plant species diversity,we can directly or indirectly improve animal species diversity and habitat diversity,and give full play to the positive role of plants in biodiversity.The improvement of species diversity level is also beneficial to the improvement of living environment of urban residents,and ultimately achieve the vision of harmonious coexistence of ecology and urban development.The results are as follows:1)Based on the analysis of the existing animal resources,especially bird resources,from the perspective of landscape environment construction and meeting the needs of wetland animals’ survival,we should select plants specifically,pay attention to the allocation of the seasonal characteristics of plants,increase the source of food and honey plants,create a plant space for animals to avoid and move,and comprehensively improve the quality of Wetland Park plant environment.Local plants and domesticated plants are preferred,inferior plant varieties are eliminated,and plants similar to or more adaptable to local plants are introduced,so as to improve the stability of wetland ecological environment,lay a good foundation for plant community construction,and achieve the purpose of improving species diversity of Wetland Park.2)The vegetation type of Longwo Lake area in Wuhu City is mainly evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest.The plant community structure of urban wetland park can be divided into five types:dense forest plant community,sparse forest plant community,shrub plant community,lawn plant community and water plant community.The establishment of plant community should simulate the local natural plant community,and plant the plant habitat that can meet the needs of different wetland birds and other animals,so as to maintain the health and stability of wetland species diversity.3)The plant community of urban wetland park can be roughly divided into wetland plant community and shelterbelt plant community according to the appearance and function of the habitat.The wetland plant community is divided into highland area,water exchange area and shallow water area according to the change of water level as the basis of habitat horizontal structure division.Combining with the spatial heterogeneity of habitat,the plant community planning is carried out for the site.The plant community of shelterbelt should integrate the protective function,ecological function and economic value of shelterbelt,set a reasonable width of forest belt,and configure the plant community of shelterbelt with diverse plant species and reasonable structure.4)The plant landscape planning of Urban Wetland Park is based on the protection of the spatial form of different habitats of wetland,and the comprehensive restoration of the damaged wetland habitat is carried out,including the reconstruction of wetland topography and geomorphology,the gradual restoration of wet land ecological health by using the purification function of wetland plants and the natural succession of plant communities;combined with the overall planning,the effective ecological corridor width is set to build the ecological corridor Road plant community,connecting the separated habitat patches,enables the flow and exchange of biology and energy in different wetland habitat patches,improves the stability of wetland habitat,and protects wetland species diversity.