Comparative Research On The Impact Of FDI Intra-industry And Inter-industry Spillover On The Development Quality Of Automobile Manufacturing Industry

China’s economy has moved from a stage of rapid development to a stage of highquality development.Regarding the industry as the main carrier for the development of the real economy,promoting its technological upgrading,efficiency improvement,and development quality improvement is an important guarantee for the high-quality development of the economy.Theoretically,foreign direct investment can promote the production efficiency and technological innovation of the host country’s manufacturing industry,reduce the cost of the host country’s enterprises and shorten the technological innovation cycle.The Chinese government has issued various policies and measures to promote enterprises to actively introduce high-quality FDI,and relax policies to encourage and guide multinational companies to cooperate with local enterprises.According to calculations,the scale of foreign direct investment in China’s automobile manufacturing industry has shown an overall upward trend from2002 to 2018.FDI shows a clear regional distribution pattern of more in the east and less in the west and a trend of sole proprietorship.At the same time,a large number of domestic and foreign scholars have confirmed that foreign direct investment can produce technology spillovers to local enterprises through spillover channels within and between industries,and improve the production efficiency and development quality of the host country.As one of the pillar industries in China,the automobile manufacturing industry has high technological content,extensive industrial linkages,and introduces a large number of FDI.Deep researches of the technology spillover effects of FDI on the automobile manufacturing industry and the improvement of its development quality are essential for China to achieve high-quality economic development.Foreign direct investment directly or indirectly spills technology to the host country through the effects of demonstration,competition,and personnel flow among different companies in the same industry.It also spills technology through the economic and technological linkages between companies with forward and backward connections in different industries.First,this paper sorts out and analyzes the introduction process and development status of foreign direct investment in the automobile manufacturing industry.Second,it measures the total factor productivity by DEA to characterize the development quality of the automobile manufacturing industry.Third,it constructs indicators for direct and indirect spillovers within the industry based on domestic and foreign-funded enterprises’ fixed asset investment.And it calculates the degree of forward and backward linkage between the automobile manufacturing industry and other industries using the input-output tables and their extension tables from 2002 to 2017.Then,it constructs the spillover index of the forward and backward linkage between industries.Finally,this paper uses the data of the automobile manufacturing industry from 2002 to 2018 to construct a time series model to analyze the similarities and differences of the influence of technology spillovers from FDI within and between industries on the development quality of the automobile manufacturing industry.This paper finds that FDI technology spillovers mainly have a positive effect on China’s automobile manufacturing industry.Among them,the direct spillover effect within the industry and the forward and backward spillover effects between industries are significantly positive,which can promote the improvement of the development quality of the automobile manufacturing industry.However,the negative indirect spillover effect within the industry hinders the development of the automobile manufacturing industry.Therefore,when we introduce and utilize foreign direct investment,we should pay attention to the simultaneous improvement of quantity and quality,appropriately control the degree of foreign participation,increase investment in independent research and development,enhance the competitiveness of domestic-funded enterprises,strengthen industrial linkages between domestic and foreign-funded enterprises,and promote their technical cooperation and exchanges.In this way,the negative effects of FDI technology spillovers are weakened,the positive effects are amplified,and the technological progress of the automobile manufacturing industry is promoted to achieve highquality development.