The Lightweight Design And Optimization Of A Medium Truck Frame Based On Finite Element Method

Trucks is an important means of transportation in the logistics industry.The fuel consumption of truck is an important index to evaluate its performance.Among the factors,the truck quality has a significant influence on its unnecessary fuel consumption.The Lightweight design not only maintain the stiffness and strength of the vehicle,but also significantly reduce the weight of the vehicle.Therefore,it has important engineering significance for the optimization design of trucks.This paper takes a certain type of the truck as the research object.Based on the analysis of the existing deficiencies of the original truck frame,the lightweight design and optimization were carried out.Firstly,the three-dimensional model of the vehicle frame was established,and the finite element model was established after pre-treating.Simultaneously,the vehicle dynamics model was established from the four aspects of load,suspension,tire and road surface.The change of vehicle acceleration in working condition is analyzed,such as braking,turning,bending and torsion.And the parameter data of the vehicle under specific operating conditions are determined.Secondly,the finite element model of the frame was established,and the stiffness strength and dynamic performance of the frame under four typical working conditions were studied by means of static mechanics analysis and modal analysis,and the regions affecting the mechanical performance of the frame were determined.The area that affects the mechanical performance of the vehicle was found.Thirdly,the influence of aluminum alloy material replacement on the mechanical properties of the frame was studied by redesigning the cross section shape and connection mode of the beam.The mass of the frame was reduced by 80.43 kg.Fourthly,the parameter model that about size and material is established.It was analyzed by the Latin hypercube response surface principle and sensitivity analysis.the sensitivity relationship between the properties of aluminum alloy frame and them was found.In addition,the multi-condition and multi-objective optimization based on frame size and material sensitivity was carried out.For the purpose of reducing the quality and cost of the frame,the frame weight was reduced by 197.53 kg.