Study On Vegetation Restoration Characteristics Of Mining Wasteland In Taiyuan

With the continuous transformation of urban economy,a large number of mining wastelands have been produced in mining resource-based cities,which are faced with serious environmental pollution and ecological damage.In recent years,Taiyuan vigorously carried out the ecological restoration of mining wasteland,among which vegetation restoration is one of the most important problems.In order to study the vegetation restoration characteristics of mining wasteland in Taiyuan,five typical transformation parks of mining wasteland were selected as experimental plots according to the ecological restoration construction scheme of mining wasteland in Taiyuan.The method of community ecology was applied to analyze the basic data of undisturbed area,natural restoration area and artificial restoration area,including plants species,plants quantities,plants height,cover degree,growth vigour and so on.In addition,the characteristics of vegetation restoration under different artificial restoration patterns were compared.Then the SBE method was used to evaluate the different types of plant landscape,and the factors influencing the landscape evaluation are discussed.Finally,the appropriate plant allocation model was constructed.The main results are as follows:(1)There were 278 species of vascular plants in five parks transformed from mining wasteland in Taiyuan,belonging to 72 families and 193 genera,accounting for 68.71% of native plants,4.67% of evergreen trees and shrubs,and 59.35% of spontaneous plants.The species mainly came from Compositae,Rosaceae,Leguminosae and Gramineae.The plant species diversity in different ecological restoration areas was shown as: Undisturbed area > Artificial restoration area > Natural restoration area.It can be seen that artificial restoration measures have a positive effect on accelerating the rate of vegetation restoration.(2)The comparison of plant species and species diversity under different artificial restoration patterns of mining wasteland were as follows: Landscape pattern > Ecological reclamation pattern>Engineering greening pattern,Among them,native spontaneous herbaceous were dominant.Species diversity of different plant communities structure showed that herb layer was significantly higher than tree and shrub layer.(3)Comparing the evaluation values of landscape beauty in different areas of mining wasteland in Taiyuan was shown as:Undisturbed area > Artificial restoration area > Natural restoration area,indicating that the artificial restoration landscape was more popular with the public to some extent,and the waterfront plant landscape had the highest visual effect evaluation.Establishing landscape evaluation model to know that plant morphology has highest contribution to the evaluation value of landscape beauty.(4)Combined with the above research conclusions and literature analysis,this paper discussed the suitable ecological restoration pattern for the transformation of mining wasteland in Taiyuan,and then selected the applicable plant species in different patterns.Finally,the suitable ecological restoration technology is proposed for different types of exposed slopes.Based on the field investigation of plant communities,this research used the theories of restoration ecology and community ecology to study the characteristics of vegetation restoration in different areas and different artificial restoration modes of mining wasteland in Taiyuan,and explored the influencing factors of landscape beauty evaluation.According to the above research conclusion,this paper proposed the plant configuration mode and the ecological restoration technology of the exposed slope which are suitable for the ecological restoration of the mining wasteland in Taiyuan,and then laid the theoretical foundation for the ecological restoration of the mining wasteland,which is of innovative and practical significance.