Effects Of Integrative Technology Of Water,Fertilizer And Amendment On Yield Increase And Salt Control Of Drip Irrigation Under Film In Cotton Field Of Xinjiang

Xinjiang cotton production ranks first in the country,but the proportion of saline cultivated land in cotton planting area is increasing,which seriously threatens the safety of cotton agricultural production and sustainable development.Maintaining the development of Xinjiang's cotton industry is conducive to lifting farmers out of poverty,increasing production and income,improving land use efficiency and improving people's well-being.It is hopeful to reduce the degree of soil salinization,increase cotton yield and realize the sustainable development of cotton industry in Xinjiang by using the integrated model of water,fertilizer and amendment in saline-alkali land.Based on the field application of water,fertilizer and amendment integrated drip irrigation under mulch,this study explored the effect of amendment on cotton yield increase and provided theoretical basis for the future study of integrated technology of water,fertilizer and amendment under mulch drip irrigation in Xinjiang.Field experiments were conducted in Shawan County from April to October 2017 and 2018.Five treatments were set up:control(no fertilization),conventional fertilizer,conventional fertilizer+soil amendment,special fertilizer,special fertilizer+soil amendment,repeated three times for each treatment.The main evaluation indexes were nutritional growth of cotton,yield and quality of cotton,economic benefits and physical and chemical properties of soil.Nature and so on.Through field experiments,according to various measurement indexes and laboratory experiments,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)After two years of field experiments,the application of amendments has a certain effect on reducing the pH value;the surface conductivity of all treatments shows a downward trend,and with the increase of soil depth,the conductivity value is also increasing.The electrical conductivity of the soil surface layer was not significantly different from that of the non-fertilized soil amendment treatment,but the electrical conductivity of 40?60 cm soil layer was significantly higher,which increased by 17.3%?47.8%compared with the non-fertilized soil amendment treatment,respectively.The conductivity at 30 cm away from the emitter and 0 cm away from the emitter is different.At 0 cm away from the emitter,the conductivity at 0?40 cm soil layer is lower,which indicates that the closer the distance from the emitter,the better the effect of salt washing.(2)Within a certain range,under the same field management conditions,the change of cotton plant number has no obvious effect on cotton yield and biomass.The integrated technology of water and fertilizer significantly increased the number of cotton bolls(P<0.05),thus increasing the yield of seed cotton by 11.2?18.5%.However,there was no significant effect on boll weight(P>0.05).Conventional fertilizer plus soil amendment treatment was the best fertilizer combination,with an average yield of 6405 kg/hm2 in two years.Compared with conventional fertilizer treatment,the economic benefit was increased by 4760 yuan/hm2(P<0.05).(3)Increased application of soil amendments had no significant effect on soil organic matter content,available nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and total nitrogen content(P>0.05),but had significant effect on improving cotton fiber length uniformity index,reducing short fiber index,increasing maturity index and micronaire value(P<0.05).