| With the deepening of industrial and technological changes,the integration of producer services and manufacturing industry has become a major direction of the transformation of the two industries and injected new vitality into economic growth.In the process of industrial integration,producer service industry and manufacturing industry gradually show typical spatial agglomeration characteristics geographically and become the focus of scholars.In recent years,environmental problems are becoming more and more serious in China,economic growth has yet to get rid of the fossil energy consumption,economic growth and environmental protection of the dual goal has become a focus,hard to coordinate,therefore,when the development of producer services and manufacturing integration trend has become increasingly strong,we have to consider the impact of the natural environment.To clarify the spatial characteristics of producer services and manufacturing industries in specific regions and to grasp the impact on environmental quality is of great significance to the realization of economic growth and environmental protection objectives in China.This paper starts from the perspective of industry and space,breaks the isolation of producer services and manufacturing industry clusters,and studies them as a whole.The simultaneous equation model is used to test whether the two have the spatial characteristics of collaborative agglomeration.On the basis of verifying the existence of collaborative agglomeration of producer services and manufacturing industry,the environmental effects of collaborative agglomeration of producer services and manufacturing industry are comprehensively analyzed from the theoretical and practical perspectives,considering the background of environmental pollution.This paper focuses on using the geographically and temporally weighted regression(GTWR)model to analyze the impact of collaborative agglomeration on environmental pollution from the perspective of spatial-temporal heterogeneity,and finally puts forward relevant policy suggestions.The specific contents are as follows:(1)Firstly,the simultaneous equation model is used to take producer services agglomeration and manufacturing agglomeration as endogenous variables,focusing on the relationship between the two variables.Meanwhile,in order to improve the accuracy of the estimation results,the control variables related to the two endogenous variables are considered in the process of model construction.The results showed that:in producer services agglomeration equation,manufacturing agglomeration of regression coefficient is positive,in the manufacturing industry agglomeration equation,the regression coefficient of producer services agglomeration is positive,considering in the process of the model to estimate the two simultaneous equations,so it is concluded that the agglomeration of producer services and manufacturing agglomeration between the positive effect of each other,that is to say there was verified collaborative.In addition,in the equation of producer services agglomeration,human capital,informatization level,agglomeration effect and urbanization level all show positive promoting effects on producer services agglomeration.In the manufacturing industry agglomeration equation,production cost and transaction cost have a negative inhibitory effect on manufacturing industry agglomeration,and the agglomeration effect has a positive promoting effect.The empirical results show that the two-stage least square method is consistent with the three-stage least square method used in this paper,and the regression coefficients obtained by the two methods are in the same direction,which verifies the robustness of the estimated results to a certain extent.(2)In the case that the spatial characteristics of collaborative agglomeration of producer services and manufacturing industry are confirmed above,the environmental effect of collaborative agglomeration is then explored.First of all,from the perspective of theory analysis,scale increasing returns and imperfect competition of new economic geography,externality perspective,labor market reservoir effect,intermediate inputs into sharing effect and infrastructure sharing effect of spillover effect,production activities agglomeration and the population agglomeration of crowded effect,discuss analysis from different angles.It is found that from the perspective of new economic geography and externality,industrial collaborative agglomeration can restrain environmental pollution,but from the perspective of crowding effect,it can promote environmental pollution.Based on this,this paper holds that simple theoretical analysis cannot determine the relationship between producer services and manufacturing industry’s collaborative agglomeration and environmental pollution,so it is necessary to carry out further empirical analysis to explore.(3)Then,to supplement the deficiency of theoretical analysis,this paper uses GTWR model to carry out empirical research,so as to more scientifically quantify the relationship between producer services and manufacturing industry’s collaborative agglomeration and environmental pollution.In the process of model construction,economic development level,industrial structure,energy intensity,opening to the outside world,environmental regulation and population size are also included to avoid the estimation bias caused by missing variables.The results showed that:first,the fitting effect of time weighted regression(TWR)model,geographical weighted regression(GWR)model and GTWR model was compared.From the point of view of R~2,GTWR model was higher than TWR model and GWR model,while from the point of view of AIC value,GTWR model was lower than TWR model and GWR model,indicating that GTWR model was significantly better than TWR model and GWR model.In addition,due to the weak diagnostic ability of GTWR model,the residual errors in its regression results were tested and found to be randomly distributed,which also indicates that the regression results of GTWR model have high reliability.Second,from the global level,the collaborative agglomeration of producer services and manufacturing industries of regression coefficient is negative,illustrate collaborative agglomeration has inhibitory effect on environmental pollution,in addition to the opening to the outside world has inhibitory effect on environmental pollution,economic development level,industrial structure,energy intensity,environmental regulation and population scale pollution to the environment have a significant role in promoting.Third,at the local level,the environmental effects of producer and manufacturing industries’collaborative agglomeration are characterized by spatial-temporal heterogeneity,that is to say,the effects of producer services and manufacturing industries’collaborative agglomeration on environmental pollution vary with the changes of time and space.For the convenience of observation,this paper put the country 30 provinces(except Tibet)have similar classifies the time change trend of provincial,such as Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei expression after the first drop in the trend of rising and falling,in Shanxi and Liaoning performance decline after the first rise,Jilin and Heilongjiang characterized by rising trend,Sichuan and Guizhou show the declining trend,etc.,can be divided into 8 classes,and then found near provincial is easier to show the similar time trend,the above conclusion for the national and regional leading industry layout,control environmental pollution has important practical significance.(4)Finally,this paper discusses and analyzes the empirical results obtained above.According to the conclusions,such as the geographical characteristics of collaborative agglomeration of producer services and manufacturing industry and the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of environmental effects,this paper proposes policy suggestions applicable to guiding industrial layout and improving environmental quality in China and regions.There are 25 pictures,17 tables,98 references. |
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