Contrastive Analysis And Error Study Of Chinese And Vietnamese Psychological Verbs

Due to historical reasons,Chinese and Vietnamese have many similarities in terms of words and expressions,especially in the use of mental verbs.The mental verbs are the difficulties in Chinese vocabulary,and in addition,the expressions of Chinese and Vietnamese have many similarities,so Vietnamese students often make mistakes in the use of Chinese mental verbs.On the basis of previous studies,and combined with corpus collection and actual investigation and research,the author analyzes and summarizes the similarities and differences between Chinese and Vietnamese mental verbs,as well as the use errors in Chinese mental verbs by Vietnamese students.Finally,the teaching suggestions are put forward based on results of the study.The results of this paper are as follows:Through a large number of literature reference and corpus research,both the systems of Chinese and Vietnamese mental verbs are very rich and complex.The author has made a comparison of the Chinese and Vietnamese mental verbs from the aspects of semantic features,syntactic functions and pragmatic features;and as a basis for comparison,the author has also enumerated and analyzed the contents of semantic features,syntactic functions and pragmatic features of the Chinese and Vietnamese mental verbs.Although the mental verbs of the two languages have some similarities in some ways,there are still many differences.In terms of semantics,definitions of Chinese and Vietnamese mental verbs are both the expressions of a person’s psychological activity,which are used to express a person’s positive or negative emotions.In the aspect of syntactic function,Chinese and Vietnamese mental verbs can both act as the predicates,attributive,object,complement,and construction of comparative sentences.The difference is that,in a Chinese sentence with a mental verb predicate,its subject is generally the person concerned;while the Vietnamese is different,its subject may be a person,or a part of human body or as an abstract concept.Furthermore,the Chinese mental verbs can be used in the "把" sentence,or used in the syntactical structure of "对+ Object +V",which is howevernot able to be used in the Vietnamese.In the side of pragmatics,pragmatic features of Vietnamese mental verbs and Chinese mental verbs are basically the same,and the specifics are: to connect sentences into an article;to express position,emotion and attitude;to enhance the interaction of conversation;and to strengthen the politeness of dialogue.Through survey of test,the paper finds that the errors of Vietnamese students mainly exist in two aspects of semantic confusion and syntactic confusion.Many Vietnamese students,due to lack of understanding of the semantics of Chinese and Vietnamese mental verbs,think their semantic are the same,and some of them even use Chi-Vietnamese voice to assist in their understandings,resulting in the use errors of semantic.Similarly,without mastering Chinese grammar,especially some special sentence patterns(such as the sentence of “把”),it will make Vietnamese students easily confuse many Chinese and Vietnamese mental verbs.Vietnamese students are conditioned to use the thinking of Vietnamese word order to set up the expression of Chinese,so such errors are very common.The reasons for these errors are determined by the negative transfer of Vietnamese native language,students’ own problems and teaching problems.In view of these errors,the author puts forward the teaching strategy: it’s necessary to let students to participate in the study of mental verbs forwardly and necessary to leave them with sufficient independent thinking space;and more listening,speaking and practice can improve students’ understanding of Chinese mental verbs and reduce the use errors.