| As an important boundary line of China's naturally geographical environment,Qinling has a complex climate and geological environment,so it is a typical climate change sensitive area.Therefore,analyzing the characteristics of its agricultural climate resources has important practical guidance value for the rational and effective development of agriculture in the region and the realization of sustainable agricultural production.The article uses the daily data of 62 meteorological stations in the north and south of the Qinling Mountains from 1960 to 2016,and selects indicators of agricultural climate resources that are closely related to winter wheat and maize,and uses linearity trend estimation,inverse distance weight interpolation,and grey correlation degree analysis to study the change characteristics of agricultural climate resources in the region and its influence,and discuss relevant measures that can be taken to effectively respond to changes in agricultural climate resources.The results showed that:(1)The thermal resources of winter wheat increased significantly in north and south of the Qinling Mountains from 1961 to 2016.The temperature increase rate had been greater since the 1990s,and the temperature increase in north of the Qinling Mountains had become more pronounced.The average temperature,?5? accumulative temperature and duration of the day show a very significant increase in the research area,and the increase extent in the low-value regions was larger,the increase extent in the high-value regions was smaller,which reduces the temperature difference between the north and south regions of the Qinling Mountains;The high-value regions of the heading-maturity's diurnal temperature range tended to decrease,the low-value areas of that tended to increase.The main trend was to reduce for the late spring coldness occur in both the north and the south of the Qinling Mountains,and the duration of the late spring coldness in the north of the Qinling Mountains reduced and the damage significantly reduced.The heat resources in the maize growing season increased significantly from 1960 to 2016.The growth rate in the past 28 years was even greater,and the performance in the north of the Qinling Mountains was more prominent.The low-value regions of the average temperature and ?10? accumulated temperature increasing extent was large in north and south of the Qinling Mountains,the increase extent in the high-value regions was small,and the temperature increase in north of the Qinling Mountains was more significant;The decrease trend is dominant for the diurnal temperature range of the tasseling-mature in the research area,while in the east,the area was greatly reduced;The accumulated heat strsee mainly increase in the Guanzhong and south of the Qinling Mountains,and the north and south of Henan Province tend to decrease.(2)The water resources of winter wheat in the Qinling Mountains decreased during the winter growing season in 1961-2016,the precipitation in north of the Qinling Mountains had increased significantly since the late 1990s,and the climate was relatively wet,and relief of dryness in the south of the Qinling Mountains.The precipitation in the Guanzhong low-value area decreased significantly,the high-value areas in Chongqing reduced greatly,and the high-value areas in the southeastern Hubei Province tended to increase.The precipitation decrease extent of the jointing-flowering period in high-value areas was small and the decrease extent in low-value areas was large.The decrease degree in the low-value areas in the north of the Qinling Mountains was slightly less than in the south of the Qinling Mountains;The high-value areas of the rainfall days decrease extent was small,and the decrease in the low value area was in Tianshui and Guanzhong areas>southern Henan>northern Henan area;the low value area in Longnan did not increase significantly;The precipitation intensity decreased mainly in the north of the Qinling Mountains,and increased mainly in the south of the Qinling Mountains.The dryness showed an increase in both the north and south of the Qinling Mountains,with a smaller increase in the low value area of the Chongqing and south of the Hubei,the increase in the relatively low value area of Shangluo was relatively large,and the increase in the high value area in north of the Qinling Mountains was relatively large.The water resources of the northern and southern parts of the Qinling Mountains did not change significantly during the maize growing season from 1960 to 2016,but it had generally increased since the end of the 1990s,and the growing season of maize in the Qinling Mountains had been humidified,and the climate in the north of the Qinling Mountains had become humid.Precipitation in the growing season and the jointing-flowering period was mainly reduced in the north of the Qinling Mountains,and increased mainly in the south of the Qinling Mountains.Rainfall days decrease extent was small in the low-value regions of the north of the Qinling Mountains,with large reductions in high-value regions of the south of the Qinling Mountains.The precipitation intensity mainly tended to increase in north and south of the Qinling Mountains,the low-value regions of the Tianshui and Longnan decreased;The spatial variation of the dryness was complicated.(3)The light resources of winter wheat in the south and north of the Qinling Mountains decreased significantly from 1961 to 2016,and increased since the 1990s,and the light conditions in the south of the Qinling Mountains improved significantly.The sunshine duration decreased mainly in the north and south of the Qinling Mountains,the decrease range in the high value area of the most areas of the Henan was large.And they tended to increase in the Guanzhong,Jinnan,east of the Shannan,Shiyan and northwest of the Yunan.The light resources of the corn growth season in 1960-2016 have been significantly reduced,especially since the 1990s,and the decline has been more evident in the north of the Qinling Mountains.The decrease range of the sunshine hours in the growing season and tasseling-maturity was large in the high value area of the Yubei,Yunan,east of the Hubei.The decrease range of that was small in the low value area of the Sichuan Basin.(4)In the change of meteorological yield of winter wheat,the ?5? accumulated temperature and the late spring coldness in March are the main caloric factors affecting the winter wheat in the north of the Qinling Mountains.The heading-mature's diurnal temperature range and the late spring coldness in the March-April period affect the winter wheat in the south of the Qinling Mountains.The precipitation in the growing season and the jointing-flowering period are the key water resources indexes affecting the winter wheat in the Qinling Mountains;The light resources are important for the meteorological yield of winter wheat in the north and south of the Qinling Mountains.In the change of maize meteorological yield,the tasselling-mature's diurnal temperature range is the main heat factor affecting the corn in the north and south of the Qinling Mountains.The precipitation in the growing season is the main water resource factor affecting the corn in the north of the Qinling Mountains.The precipitation in the growing season and the jointing-flowering period is the dominant water resource element of corn in the south of the Qinling Mountains.The light resources are closely related to the corn in the study area.The influence of the sunshine duration at the tasseling-mature stage is relatively more important.The changes in agricultural climate resources in the north and south of the Qinling Mountains and their effects on winter wheat and maize can be improved by selecting ripening and tolerant crop varieties,broadening the scope of suitable cultivation,changing farming practices,adjusting cropping patterns,and building water conservancy facilities to improve the effective utilization of agricultural climate resources in the region. |
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