Analysis Of The Occurrence Of Malnutrition And Related Factors In Elderly Inpatients

Background:By 2018,there are 249 million people over the age of 60 in our country,accounting for 17.9% of the total population,of which 11.9% are over 65.According to the United Nations definition of an aging society: the population aged 65 and above accounts for more than 7% of the total population,indicating that China is currently in an aging period,and the accompanying burden of old-age care has increased,population aging has become one of the major development challenges China is facing.Aging is closely related to nutritional status,the elderly are high-risk groups for malnutrition and malnutrition risks.With the increase of age,malnutrition and malnutrition risks will increase.Due to different nutrition screening tools,the prevalence rates reported in the literature are also different,and the incidence of malnutrition in elderly hospitalized patients is high.Malnutrition can lead to a series of adverse events,especially for elderly hospitalized patients.Once malnutrition occurs,it will lead to prolonged hospitalization,increased risk of hospital-acquired infection and death,which seriously affects the prognosis and quality of life.At present,a large number of basic research and clinical experiments have confirmed that early application of nutrition screening tools to provide basis and standards for nutrition support is of great significance for reducing complications and improving the prognosis of patients.However,at present,there are few clinical studies related to nutrition in the elderly,and nutrition screening has not been fully carried out.There is insufficient awareness and attention to malnutrition and risk factors for malnutrition,and the diagnosis and treatment are not standardized.In the case of evaluating the applicable population of different nutrition screening tools,it is necessary to select appropriate nutrition screening tools in combination with laboratory inspection indicators and related anthropometric indicators to further clarify the risk factors affecting nutrition status,which lead to a better guide clinical nutrition support and disease treatment.Objective:This study aimed to study the nutritional status of elderly inpatients admitted to the geriatrics department of our hospital,explores the relationship between nutritional screening scales and laboratory indicators and anthropometric indexes of patients,analyzes possible risk factors affecting elderly nutritional status,so as to realize early prevention and provide basis for nursing and nutritional support.Then delay the disease process and provide support for clinical work.Methods:This study selected elderly hospitalized patients who attended the Department of Geriatrics of the First Hospital of Jilin University from December 2018 to November 2019,who met the admission criteria and agreed to enroll.After enrollment,the elderly hospitalized patients were screened for nutritional risks by using Mini Nutritional Assessment short-form,according to Mini Nutritional Assessment short-form score,they were divided into normal nutrition group(≥12 points)and non-normal nutrition group(<12 points)(Non-nutritive normal components two subgroups risk of malnutrition and malnutrition).Laboratory indicators include White blood cell,Hemoglobin,Lymphocyte absolute value,Neutrophil absolute value,Platelet,Aspartate aminotransferase,Alanine aminotransferase,γ-glutamyl transpeptidase,Cholinesterase,Total protein,Albumin,Albumin globulin ratio,Prealbumin,Retinol-binding protein,C-reactive protein,Total cholesterol,High density lipoprotein,Low-density lipoprotein,Creatinine,Blood urea nitrogen,Uric acid,Fasting blood glucose,Potassium,Sodium,Calcium.Anthropometric indexes include Midarm circumference,Calf circumference,Triceps skinfold thickness,height,weight,In order to analysis of related risk factors affecting malnutrition in elderly hospitalized patients.Results:1.A total of 311 hospitalized patients were included in this study.According to MNA-SF scoring method,148 patients(47.59%)were normal in nutrition,163 patients(52.41%)were non-normal in nutrition,including 128 patients(41.16%)with malnutrition risk and 35 patients(11.25%)with malnutrition.2.Univariate analysis results showed: Age,Diabetes,Lymphocyte absolute value,Cholinesterase,Albumin,Total cholesterol,Triglyceride,Low-density lipoprotein,Fasting blood glucose,Midarm circumference,Calf circumference,Triceps skinfold thickness was statistically significant(P <0.05).3.Independent risk factors of malnutrition and malnutrition risk: Multivariate Logistic regression analysis results show: Hemoglobin(OR=1.018,95%CI 1.001-1.034,P=0.036),Triglyceride(OR=1.611,95%CI 1.048-2.474,P=0.030),Midarm circumference(OR=1.260,95%CI 1.113-1.425,P<0.001),Calf circumference(OR=1.168,95%CI1.064-1.281,P=0.001),Triceps skinfold thickness(OR=1.104,95%CI 1.035-1.176,P=0.002)are independent risk factors for malnutrition and the risk of malnutrition.4.ROC curve: Midarm circumference: 0.776 area under the curve,with 24.25 cm as the cutoff value,the sensitivity and specificity of predicting malnutrition and the risk of malnutrition are 85.8% and 58.9% respectively;Triceps skinfold thickness: under the curve With an area of 0.683,and a cutoff value of 8.75 mm,the sensitivity and specificity for predicting malnutrition and the risk of malnutrition are 79.1% and 49.1% respectively;Calf circumference: the area under the curve is 0.742,with 29.75 cm as the cutoff value,the sensitivity and specificity for predicting malnutrition and the risk of malnutrition were 83.8% and 54.6% respectively.Conclusions:1.The incidence of malnutrition in elderly hospitalized patients is as high as 11.25%,which should be paid close attention from physicians;2.Hemoglobin,Triglyceride,Midarm circumference,Calf circumference,and Triceps skinfold thickness are factors that affect the risk of malnutrition and malnutrition;3.Midarm circumference,Triceps skinfold thickness,and Calf circumference have good diagnostic value for malnutrition and the risk of malnutrition.