Study On The Sea-Jiaolai River Intermodal Transport In The Ming Dynasty

Jiaolai River is located in the eastern part of Shandong Peninsula.The name of Jiaolai River is due to the fact that it connects Laizhou Bay to the north and Jiaozhou Bay to the south.The first word of the names of Laizhou Bay and Jiaozhou Bay is used to name the river connecting the two bays.Jiaolai River-sea intermodal transport is a creative idea which combines inland waterway transport with maritime transport.The proposal of the Ming Dynasty on the implementation of the Jiaolai River-Sea Intermodal Transport began with Wang Tan’s proposal in the six years of orthodoxy(1441).It went through the Jia,Long and Wan Dynasties,and finally ended in Chongzhen.The proposal of Jiaolaihe River-sea intermodal transport has lasted for most of the Ming Dynasty intermittently.It can be said that it made an important mark in the history of water transport and maritime transport in the Ming Dynasty.The idea of this paper is to introduce the natural environment of Jiaolai River Basin,including the topographic and hydrological environment,and then,in the form of a small topic,to discuss as comprehensively as possible the reasons for the implementation of the Jiaolai River intermodal transport in the Ming Dynasty,the controversy over whether the Jiaolai River project was excavated or not,the concrete excavation of the Jiaolai Canal and the reasons for the failure to implement the Jiaolai River intermodal transport.The first chapter introduces the geographical environment of Jiaolai River Basin.The soil quality and hydrology of Jiaolai River Basin are introduced.The second chapter discusses the implementation of Jiaolaihe River-Sea Intermodal Transport in the Yuan Dynasty.With Yao Yan’s proposal,the consent of Kublai Khan,the ancestor of the Yuan Dynasty,the concrete implementation of Abachi,and the short implementation of Jiaolaihe River-Sea Intermodal Transport,it failed to continue in the Yuan Dynasty due to some of its own reasons and some of the direct Maritime competition.The precedent and experience of Jiaolai River-sea intermodal transport in Yuan Dynasty was an important reason for the proposal of Jiaolai River Project in Ming Dynasty.The third chapter further analyses the reasons for the implementation of Jiaolai River-sea intermodal transport in Ming Dynasty.Firstly,the frequent flooding of the Yellow River breaches,blocking the inland river canal transport routes;secondly,the implementation of direct sea transport,there will be the risk of wind and waves overturning the boat,as well as the risk of Pirates attacking the boats;finally,because the Jiaolai River has the rudiment of a natural canal,navigation from the Jiaolai River will greatly shorten the canal transport routes.Chapter IV is about the disputes of Jiaolai River-sea intermodal transport in the Ming Dynasty,and discusses the views of the main supporters and opponents.Liu Yingjie and Xu Jie are the representatives who support the Jiaolai River-Sea Intermodal Transport.The representatives who oppose Jiaolai River-sea intermodal transport include Hu Hu,Liang Menglong and Wang Zongmu.Supporters and opponents expressed their opinions,tit-for-tat,for Jiaolaihe in the Ming Dynasty.The fifth chapter discusses the concrete excavation of Jiaolaihe River Project in Ming Dynasty.The actual excavation of Jiaolaihe River Project is mainly two times,one is the excavation of Majiahao led by Wang Xian in Jiajing period,the other is the excavation of watershed led by Cui Dan in Wanli period.Unfortunately,the results of these two concrete construction projects all ended in failure.Chapter 6 analyses the reasons for the failure of Jiaolai River-sea intermodal transport in the Ming Dynasty.Apart from the water source and geological reasons of Jiaolai River itself,this paper mainly discusses the reasons for the failure of Jiaolai River-sea intermodal transport in political decision-making.On the one hand,part of the collapse of the Yuan Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty is a lesson from the previous carriage of maritime transport,on the other hand,it is about whether to implement Jiaolai River-sea intermodal transport in the court.In the decision-making process,uncertainties and the combined effects of severalaspects led to the existence of Jiaolaihe River-sea intermodal transport in the Ming Dynasty in the form of a motion and conception,but not in the history of the Ming Dynasty as a means of transportation.