Study On Catalytic Hydrolysis Of Isopropyl Nitrate And Its Application

Fuel Air Explosive(FAE)containing isopropyl nitrate has been in service for nearly 20 years.Its storage period is 9 years,so it is at large-scale discarding stage.At present,the treatment of FAE mainly uses the combustion method,which pollutes the environment and wastes resources.In this dissertation,a research has been made on the green treatment process and the design of mobile treatment device for treating isopropyl nitrate FAE.Firstly,the harmless treatment of isopropyl nitrate was studied,which used alkali-catalyzed hydrolysis and the hydrolysis conditions were optimized.Then the separation method for separating liquid-solid mixture of isopropyl nitrate and magnesium powder was studied.On this basis,a mobile equipment for treating isopropyl nitrate FAE was designed and manufactured.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Under normal pressure,the liquid-phase hydrolysis process of isopropyl nitrate was studied.Different hydrolysis reaction systems were adopted to improve the hydrolysis effect catalyzed by sodium hydroxide.It can not improve the hydrolysis effect very well.Among the other catalysts used,the hydrolysis with catalysis of hydrazine hydrate has high efficiency.(2)The autoclave was used to carry out the gas phase hydrolysis of isopropyl nitrate under high temperature and high pressure.The hydrolysis process was optimized by single factor experiment to obtain the optimal reaction conditions.Results reveal that,the gas phase hydrolysis of isopropyl nitrate under high temperature and high pressure can greatly increase the hydrolysis rate constant and accelerate the hydrolysis reaction.The hydrolysis conversion rate of isopropyl nitrate can reach 99%,and the yield of isopropyl alcohol is 70%.(3)The separation method of FAE was studied,and its impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity were tested;the hydrolysis process of isopropyl nitrate was comparatively analyzed;the hydrolysis process catalyzed by sodium hydroxide and centrifugal filtration separation were finally adopted.The process was designed and the device was developed.The test results show that the device runs stably,and the treatment efficiency of isopropyl nitrate is 97%.