Study On The Evaluation Of Emergency Response Capability And The Countermeasures Of Collaborative Governance For Water Pollution Emergencies

Water pollution emergencies emerge in endlessly,which brings serious stress to people’s life,healthy,economic development and social stability.This paper aims to study the ways to improve the prevention and control of water pollution emergencies in River Basin.In this paper,the Yangtze River Basin is discussed.Based on the in-depth understanding of the evaluation of water pollution emergency response capacity and the theory of water pollution cooperative governance,20 typical water pollution emergencies in the Yangtze River Basin is selected as the research objects.The factors of economy and population are considered and the clustering analysis method is used to classify these events.Through case analysis,the influencing factors of water pollution emergency response capacity in the Yangtze River Basin are extracted,and the evaluation index system of water pollution emergency response capacity in the Yangtze River Basin is established.The weights of the evaluation indexes of the emergency response ability of all kinds of water pollution incidents are determined by the method of expert scoring and correction coefficient.After that,the evaluation model of water pollution emergencies in the Yangtze River Basin is established and the actual cases are evaluated.On the basis of understanding and analyzing the evaluation results of the emergency response capacity of various water pollution emergencies in the Yangtze River Basin,the cooperative governance and promotion path of various water pollution emergencies are put forward.The specific research as the following aspects:(1)Define and clarify the relevant concepts and theories of emergency response capacity evaluation and cooperative governance of water pollution emergencies in river basins,including public crisis management theory,clustering analysis classification theory and collaborative governance theory.(2)The loss intensity of water pollution emergencies,the economy and population of the water pollution are comprehensively analyzed.Seven indicators reflecting the comprehensive situation of water pollution emergencies are selected,including incident loss intensity,secondary industry output value,industrial outputvalue,agricultural output value,fishery output value,tourism output value and total population.The 20 water pollution emergencies in the Yangtze River Basin are divided into three categories by cluster analysis method.The specific classification results are as follows: The first type of water pollution emergencies have a high loss intensity and occur in densely populated developed areas;The second type of water pollution emergencies have a high loss intensity and occur in the more densely populated developed areas;The third type of water pollution emergencies have a low loss intensity and occur in underdeveloped areas with dispersed population.(3)Based on the theory of public crisis management,combined with typical cases and literature research,and supplemented by the data and reports of relevant websites,20 factors are summarized,from the four aspects of risk management and emergency preparedness,monitoring and warning ability,emergency command and coordination ability,afterwards summarizing and perfecting ability.Then the evaluation index system of emergency response capacity of water pollution emergencies is established.(4)The weight of each evaluation index is determined by combining the expert scoring method with the modified coefficient method.At the same time,a model for evaluating the emergency response capacity of water pollution emergencies in the Yangtze River Basin is constructed,which is I=.Three examples areselected for case study.Their overall level of emergency response capacity are obtained.What’s more,the existing problems are analyzed.(5)Based on the evaluation results of the emergency response capacity of three types of water pollution emergencies in the Yangtze River Basin,the Countermeasures for improving the emergency response capacity of water pollution emergencies in the Yangtze River Basin are proposed and analyzed respectively from the view of cooperative governance.Finally,the coordinated governance recommendations for the first type of water pollution emergencies mainly include coordinating the powers and responsibilities of relevant departments,broadening the early warning platform,enhancing the summary and reflection of events,enhancing the ability of social organizations and the public to participate in the prevention and control of water pollution in river basins.The coordinated governance recommendations for thesecond type of water pollution emergencies mainly include promoting corporate cooperation in pollution control,improving team response efficiency,comprehensively implementing joint monitoring and early warning,and enhancing crisis communication capabilities.The coordinated governance recommendations for the third type of water pollution emergencies mainly include improving water pollution laws and plans,strengthening regional planning,promoting ecological compensation mechanism,and improving the linkage mechanism of water pollution prevention and control.