Fabrication And Oil-water Separation Property Of Superhydrophobic And Superoleophilic Materials

With the rapid development of the petrochemical industry,oil spill accidents,the increase of industrial oily wastewater and the leakage of water-insoluble organic solvents frequently occur,which have a great impact on human health and the ecological environment.Traditional oil-water separation technologies include degradation,in-situ combustion,dispersants,and other physical methods,but these traditional strategies have problems such as low implementation efficiency,environmentally unfriendly,and high operating costs.The material with special wettability is a hot spot in the development of oil-water separation materials in recent years.In this paper,based on the wettability of the surface of the material,a micro-nano roughness structure were constructed on the surface of the substrate,and a low-surface energy substance was modified to prepare an oil-water separation material with superhydrophobic and superlipophilic properties.The morphology and composition of the prepared samples were analyzed by SEM,FT-IR and XRD.The chemical stability and mechanical stability of the sample were analyzed by means of contact angle measuring instrument,acid-base salt solution soaking,abrasion wear test,sandpaper abrasion test and tape peeling test.A superhydrophobic and superlipophilic nickel foam material was prepared by one-pot hydrothermal method combined with a simple calcination process and Hexadecyl trimethoxy silane surface modification.The measured static contact angle is 158°,the stable superhydrophobicity is maintained in the pH range of 2 to 12,and the contact angle is greater than 150°,which has a certain corrosion resistance.Tests with a friction and wear tester showed that the superhydrophobic nickel foam had significant wear resistance compared to the original nickel foam.The prepared nickel foam exhibited high oil-water separation efficiency under a gravity-driven oil-water separation device.The Ni-Co LDH nanosheet array was grown in-situ on the cotton fabric by hydrothermal method,and then modified by Polydimethoxysilane to obtain a superhydrophobic and superlipophilic fabric.After 10 sandpaper abrasion cycle tests or 50 tape peeling cycle tests,the contact angles of the surface of the superhydrophobic fabric were only slightly decreased,and had good mechanical stability.The contact angles of the acid-base droplets and the different concentrations of the NaCl solution on the surface thereof are all greater than 150°,exhibiting excellent chemical stability.Superhydrophobic fabrics also have a certain self-cleaning performance,and can achieve oil-water separation quickly and efficiently.The polydivinylbenzene material with rich nanopore structure was synthesized by a simple solvothermal method,and loaded onto the melamine sponge by one-step dipping-solidification method to prepare an oil collecting device with more practical application value.The contact angle of the modified sponge reached 153°,and the oil absorption to chloroform was 16.45 g/g.Tested by the universal tensile testing machine showed that the sample has excellent resistance to deformation.By testing the contact angle of liquids with different pH values on the surface of the sponge,it was found that the modified sponge has good chemical stability.