The Extraction Of Saponins And Polysaccharides From Radix Pseudostellariae And The Development Of Health Wine

Radix pseudostellariae is the dried tuber root of Caryophyllaceae,which can be used in health food.The domestic production areas of Heterophylla are located in Jurong(Jiangsu province),Shibing(Guizhou province),Xuanzhou(Anhui province),Zherong(Fujian province),etc.The radix pseudostellariae contains many chemical constituents,including saccharide,glycosides,cyclotides,amino acid,volatile components,microelement,phospholipids,fatty acids,oil,and sterols.Among them,the saponin and polysaccharide have effects of antioxidation and improving the human immunity.With the assistance of ultrasonic,the authors firstly extracted the saponin from the radix pseudostellariae,then obtained the polysaccharide from the residue of radix pseudostellariae by adopting the ethanol refluxing method,and finally developed a kind of tonic wine with the antioxidant function.The results obtained are as follows:(1)With the use of radix pseudostellariae produced in Zherong and ethanol as raw material and solvent,respectively,the author tested the yield of saponins from Heterophylla by vanillin assay.By employing the single-factor experiments,the author revealed the effects of liquid ratio,extraction time,and ethanol concentration on the extraction rate of saponin during the extraction processes,and then optimized the technological conditions by response surface method.The optimal technological condition was:1:30 g/mL solid-liquid ratio,40%ethanol concentration,60 ℃ extracting temperature,100 W ultrasonic power,and 0.461%polysaccharide yield.(2)Extraction of polysaccharides from the residue of Radix pseudostellariae using the ethanol refluxing method.The yield of polysaccharides was used as the evaluation index,and on the basis of single factor and Plackett-Burman design,and the three factors of solid-liquid ratio,extraction temperature and extraction time were selected for response surface optimization experiments.The optimized extraction conditions of the polysaccharide yield were solid-liquid ratio of 1:30 g/mL,extraction temperature of 80 ℃,extraction time of 115 min,ethanol concentration of 30%.Under these conditions,the polysaccharide yield and polysaccharide purity were 6.01%and 20.80%,respectively.(3)The best formula of healthy wine of radix pseudostellariae was finally achieved through the sensory evaluation and orthogonal experiment.The optimized formula was:ratio of extract of radix oseudostellariae to liquor at 1:3.5,3.0 mg/mL honey,and 3.0 mg/mL citric acid.According to the comparison of transmittance,sensory evaluation,and antioxidant activity between the wine with different clarifiers,0.8 g/L bentonite was selected as the clarifier for the tonic wine of heterophylla.